| Abstract | Upravljanje spolnim ciklusom kuja postao je uobičajen zahtjev vlasnika ljubimaca u
svrhu optimiziranja rasplođivanja, kontracepcije i indukcije pobačaja. Isto tako, mnogi
uzgajivači rasplodnih kuja zahtijevaju liječenje stanja poput upala maternice (piometra) bez
kirurške intervencije. Zbog toga su znanstvenici u svojim istraživanjima počeli raditi na
lijekovima koji nisu bili registrirani izravno za korištenje u te svrhe. Iako je većina tih
istraživanja pokazala zavidne rezultate, još uvijek je potrebno uložiti dodatni napor radi
utvrđivanja eventualnih nuspojava, a pogotovo nakon višekratnog korištenja ili nakon
kombiniranja različitih farmakoloških pripravaka. Iz tog razloga, u mnogim zemljama noviji
lijekovi poput deslorelina ili aglepristona nisu registrirani jer je njihovo korištenje suženo
samo na određena stanja ili samo za određenu vrstu, dob i spol životinja. Puno je primjera
gdje su se određeni lijekovi počeli koristiti i u druge svrhe osim one za koju su registrirani.
Najbolji primjer je dopaminski agonist kabergolin koji je prvotno registriran radi
smanjivanja i zaustavljanja laktacije, a ubrzo se počeo koristiti i za indukciju estrusa u kuja.
Tako je preparat naziva Galastop® (kabergolin) nakon dosta istraživanja danas registriran u
Europi i za indukciju estrusa u kuja. Danas se za indukciju estrusa u kuja koriste i GnRH
agonisti, pogotovo u obliku implantata zbog svoje praktičnosti, rijetkih nuspojava, kratkog
perioda potrebnog za pojavu tjeranja i smanjenog stresa za životinju. Tako se preparat
Suprelorin® (4,7 mg, implantat deslorelina) koji je registiran samo za indukciju privremene
neplodnosti u muških pasa, već dulje vremena koristi u mnogim veterinarskim ambulantama
za indukciju estrusa, ali i za kontracepciju kuja. Isto tako, preparat antiprogesterona naziva
Alizin® (30 mg/mL aglepristona), čija je indikacija izazivanje pobačaja u kuja do 45. dana
gravidnosti, već se dulje vremena koristi kod liječenja i prevencije piometre te indukcije
porođaja. Korištenje takvih preparata za druge svrhe nije idealno te je uspjeh njihova
korištenja u nekim područjima poput indukcije i prevencije estrusa dosta varijabilan. Upravo
iz tog razloga, ali i mogućih nuspojava, za svakog pacijenta potreban je poseban pristup radi
donošenja konačnog protokola koji će zadovoljiti vlasnika i neće ugroziti zdravstveno stanje
životinje. |
| Abstract (english) | Managing the sexual cycle of bitches has become a common requirement of pet
owners to optimize reproduction, contraception and abortion induction. Likewise, many
breeders require treatment for conditions, such as inflammation of the uterus (pyometra)
without surgical intervention. As a result, scientists in their research began working on drugs
that were not registered directly for use for those purposes. Most of these studies have shown
excellent results, but additional efforts are necessary to identify possible side effects,
especially after repeated use or post combining different pharmacological preparations.
Hence, newer drugs such as deslorelin or aglepristone have not been certified in many
countries. Their usage has been restricted to certain conditions or only to certain species,
ages and sexes of animals. There are numerous cases in which certain drugs have been used
for purposes other than ones registered for. The best example is the dopamine agonist
cabergoline, which was initially registered to reduce and stop lactation, and was soon used
to induce estrus. Therefore, after thorough research, a preparation called Galastop®
(cabergoline) is now registered in Europe for induction of estrus in bitches. Today, GnRH
agonists are also used to induce estrus in bitches, especially in the form of implants due to
their practicality, rare side effects, the short period required for the onset of urges, and
reduced stress in animals. Accordingly, the preparation called Suprelorin® (4.7 mg,
deslorelin implant), which is registered only for the induction of temporary infertility in male
dogs, has been used for a long time in many veterinary clinics for the estrous induction and
contraception of bitches. Likewise, an antiprogesterone preparation Alizin® (30 mg / mL
aglepristone), is supposed to be used to induce abortion in bitches, yet for a while, it has also
been used when treating and preventing pyometra or inducing labour. The use of such
preparations for other purposes is not ideal and the outcome of their use in areas such as
induction and prevention of estrus is quite variable. Taking that into consideration, along
with potential side effects, an individual approach should be applied to each patient to adopt
a final protocol that will satisfy the owner and will not endanger the well-being of the animal. |
