UTJECAJ HRANE NA MIKROBIOM PROBAVNOG SUSTAVA PASA

master's thesis

• Title (english): The influence of food on the microbiome of the digestive system of d
• Author: Ivana Raguž
• Mentor: Diana Brozić (mentor)
• Committee member: Hrvoje Valpotić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Tomislav Mašek (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Diana Brozić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Željko Mikulec (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2024-05, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Veterinary Medicine; Animal Production and Biotechnology

Abstract

Gastrointestinalni mikrobiom ima vaţnu ulogu u metabolizmu i vitalnim fiziološkim
procesima unutar domaćina, štiti organizam od patogena te svojim sastavom utjeĉe na
imunološki sustav i cjelokupno zdravlje domaćina. Većina bakterija unutar mikrobioma moţe se
svrstati u 5 skupina: Firmicutes, Fusobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, i Actinobacteria.
Razni ĉimbenici, kao što su dob, okoliš, prehrana, mikrobiom majke i razni drugi mogu utjecati
na sastav mikrobiomne zajednice. Promjene u sastavu i raznolikosti crijevnog mikrobioma
povezane su s raznim gastrointestinalnim i sistemskim bolestima. TakoĊer, razne vrste dijeta
mogu dovesti do promjena u sastavu mikrobioma, a posljediĉno time i do promjena u
proizvodnji metabolita. Mikrobiom crijeva u zdravih psa i maĉaka je otporan, prilagodljiv i
sposoban vratiti se na svoj osnovni sastav nakon što se ţivotinja vrati na svoju uobiĉajenu
prehranu, što nam pokazuje da trajna promjena u sastavu mikrobioma zahtjeva dugotrajnu
primjenu specifiĉne prehrane. Terapeutske metode za lijeĉenje disbioze ukljuĉuju prebiotike,
probiotike, antibiotike te transplantaciju fekalnog mikrobioma. Probiotici prilikom prolaska kroz
GI trakt proizvode metabolite koji mogu ublaţiti kliniĉke znakove i modificirati sastav mikrobne
zajednice. FMT je vrlo zanimljiva metode terapeutskog lijeĉenja koji bi u budućnosti mogao biti
odliĉan alat za pomoć pri oporavku disbioze, meĊutim, potrebne su daljnje studije kako bi se
promijenio njegov potencijal i ograniĉenja. Buduća istraţivanja na podruĉju crijevnog
mikrobioma trebala bi biti usmjerena na razjašnjavanje mehanizama interakcije mikrobioma i
domaćina, utjecaju mikrobioma na patogenezu raznih bolesti te procjenjivanju uĉinkovitosti i
odrţivosti raznih terapijskih metoda lijeĉenja koje se primjenjuju kod crijevne disbioze.

Abstract (english)

The gastrointestinal microbiome plays an important role in metabolism and vital
physiological processes within the host, protects the organism from pathogens, affects the
immune system and overall health of the host. Most bacteria within the microbiome can be
classified into 5 groups: Firmicutes, Fusobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, and
Actinobacteria. Various factors, such as age, environment, diet, maternal microbiome and
various others can influence the composition of the microbiome community. Changes in the
composition and diversity of the intestinal microbiome are associated with various
gastrointestinal and systemic diseases. Also, various diets can lead to changes in the
microbiome's composition and consequently to changes in metabolite production. The intestinal
microbiome in healthy dogs and cats is resistant, adaptable and able to return to it’s basic
composition after the animal returns to it’s usual diet. That shows us that a permanent change in
the composition of the microbiome requires a long-term application of a specific diet.
Therapeutic methods for treating dysbiosis include prebiotics, probiotics, antibiotics, and fecal
microbiome transplantation. When probiotics pass through the GI tract, they produce metabolites
that can alleviate clinical signs and modify the composition of the microbial community. FMT is
a very interesting method of therapeutic treatment that could be a great tool to help with
dysbiosis recovery in the future. However, further studies are needed to change it’s potential and
limitations. Future research in the field of the intestinal microbiome should be aimed at
elucidating the mechanisms of interaction between the microbiome and the host, the influence of
the microbiome on the pathogenesis of various diseases and evaluating the effectiveness and
sustainability of various therapeutic treatment methods used in intestinal dysbiosis.

• Keywords: gastrointestinalni mikrobiom; terapeutske metode; bakterije; probiotici
• Keywords (english): gastrointestinal microbiome; therapeutic metods; bacteria; probioti
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:178:381418
• Study programme: Title: Veterinary Medicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica veterinarske medicine (doktor/doktorica veterinarske medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2024-06-06 13:25:00