Mycobacterium avium u ptica - pojavnost i zoonotski potencijal

master's thesis

• Title (english): MYCOBACTERIUM AVIUM IN BIRDS – PREVALENCE AND ZOONOTIC POTENTIAL
• Author: Matea Koso
• Mentor: Željko Gottstein (mentor)
• Mentor: Maja Lukač (mentor)
• Mentor: Danijela Horvatek Tomić (mentor)
• Mentor: Liča Lozica (mentor)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2024-10, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Veterinary Medicine; Veterinary Public Health and Food Safety

Abstract

Tuberkuloza uzrokovana Mycobacterium (M.) avium je jedna od najznačajnijih
bolesti koja pogađa domaće i divlje ptice. Ova mikobakterija je dosta otporna na vanjske
uvjete, a razvoju bolesti pogoduju loši zoohigijenski uvjeti i loša gospodarska praksa.
Mycobacterium avium uzrokuje prvenstveno zarazu probavnoga sustava kod ptica, ali može
uzrokovati i respiratorne simptome. Dijagnostika je otežana zbog unutarstaničnog razvoja
mikobakterije, njene otpornosti u okolišu i antibiotske rezistencije. Zlatni standard za
dijagnostiku je uzgoj mikobakterija bakteriološkom pretragom. Mikobakterije imaju veliki
zoonotski potencijal, ali rijetko uzrokuju bolest kod zdrave odrasle osobe.
Imunokompromitiranim osobama i radnicima koji su u kontaktu sa zaraženim pticama,
lešinama i biološkim materijalom se preporučuju posebne mjere opreza. Bolest u ljudi obično
je respiratorna, karakterizirana simptomima sličnim upali pluća. Terapija kod ptica i ljudi je
antibiotska. Ne postoji odobreno cjepivo protiv M. avium kod ptica, stoga se preporučuje
obavljanje tuberkulinskog testa na novim jedinkama pri dolasku na farmu, obavezna
karantena, poboljšanje zoohigijenskih uvjeta i ograničavanje bilo kakvog dodira sa divljim
pticama.

Abstract (english)

Tuberculosis caused by Mycobacterium (M.) avium is one of the most significant
diseases affecting domestic and wild birds. This mycobacterium is quite resistant to external
conditions and the development of the disease is favored by poor animal hygiene conditions
and poor production practices. It primarily causes infection of the digestive system in birds,
but it can also cause respiratory signs. Diagnosis is difficult due to the intracellular
development of mycobacteria, its resistance in the environment and antibiotic resistance. The
gold standard for diagnostics is detection of mycobacteria by bacteriological examination. M.
avium has a high zoonotic potential, but does not cause disease in a healthy adult. Special
precautions are recommended for immunocompromised persons and workers who are in
contact with infected birds, carcasses and biological material. The disease in humans is
usually respiratory, characterized by symptoms similar to pneumonia. Therapy in birds and
humans are different antimicrobial agents. There is no approved vaccine for use against M.
avium in birds, therefore it is recommended to carry out a tuberculin test on new animals on
arrival at the farm, mandatory quarantine, improvement of zoohygienic conditions and
limitation of any contact with wild birds and animals.

• Keywords: tuberkuloza ptica; M. avium; perad; zoonoza
• Keywords (english): avian tuberculosis; M. avium; poultry; zoonosis
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:178:449405
• Study programme: Title: Veterinary Medicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica veterinarske medicine (doktor/doktorica veterinarske medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2024-10-22 08:01:32