PREGLED PATOLOGIJE POSTELJICA POBAČENE ŽDREBADI OBDUCIRANE NA ZAVODU ZA VETERINARSKU PATOLOGIJU

master's thesis

• Title (english): Review of placental pathology of aborted foals autopsied at the Department of Veterinary Pathology
• Author: David Detelj
• Mentor: Doroteja Huber (mentor)
• Mentor: Dunja Vlahović (mentor)
• Committee member: Lidija Medven Zagradišnik (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Iva Getz (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Dunja Vlahović (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Doroteja Huber (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2024-10, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Veterinary Medicine; Veterinary Clinical Sciences

Abstract

Pobačaji u konjogojstvu rezultiraju značajnim ekonomskim gubicima zbog gubitka
ploda, čestih komplikacija i produženog liječenja kobila. Nezarazni su pobačaji obično rijetki
iako mogu zahvatiti i veći broj jedinki u stadu. Temeljem Naredbe o mjerama zaštite zdravlja
životinja od zaraznih i nametničkih bolesti, u slučaju pobačaja kobile, tijekom provedenog
istraživanja, bilo je obvezno uzorkovanje u svrhu isključivanja virusnog arteritisa konja,
rinopneumonitisa, leptospiroze, kontagioznog metritisa kobila i salmoneloze uzrokovane sa
Salmonella abortus equi. Cilj je ovog istraživanja bio utvrditi makroskopske i histološke lezije
posteljica pobačene ždrebadi, te rezultate patološke pretrage povezati s uzrokom pobačaja.
Posteljica je na obdukciju dostavljena u 61,29% svih slučajeva pobačaja obduciranih na
Zavodu za Veterinarsku patologiju, uz prisutne makroskopske promjene u 73,68%, a
mikroskopske u 28,95% slučajeva. Uočene patološke promjene na posteljicama, i
makroskopske i mikroskopske, bile su nespecifične, te su se preklapale u infektivnih i
neinfektivnih uzroka pobačaja, te su najčešće uključivale nekroze, hiperemiju/kongestiju, edem
i krvarenja. Infektivni pobačaji detektirani su češće od neinfektivnih uzroka pobačaja. U trećini
slučajeva infektivnih pobačaja uzročnik je bio vidljiv na histološkim preparatima, što, uz
nespecifične patološke promjene koje nije bilo moguće povezati sa različitim uzročnicima i
nemogućnošću histološke pretrage da razlikuje vrste mikroorganizama, ukazuje da je patološku
je pretragu potrebno upotpuniti dodatnim dijagnostičkim pretragama da bi se utvrdio točan
infektivni uzročnik. Kvalitetni anamnestički podaci, klinički nalaz te detaljna patološka analiza
popraćena dodatnim laboratorijskim pretragama imperativ su za što točnije određivanje uzroka
pobačaja.

Abstract (english)

Abortions in horse husbandry result in significant economic losses due to fetal loss,
frequent complications and prolonged treatment of mares. Non-infectious abortions are usually
rare, although they can affect a larger number of individuals in the herd. Based on the Order on
Measures to Protect Animal Health from Infectious and Parasitic Diseases that was valid during
our research period, in case of equine abortion, sampling was mandatory in order to rule out
equine viral arteritis, rhinopneumonitis, leptospirosis, contagious equine metritis and
salmonellosis caused by Salmonella abortus equi. The aim of this research was to investigate
the gross and histological lesions of the placenta of aborted foals, and to correlate the results
of the pathological examination with the cause of the abortion. The placenta was submitted for
autopsy in 61,29% of all abortion cases autopsied at the department of Veterinary Pathology,
with macroscopic changes present in 73.68% and microscopic changes in 28,95% of cases. The
observed pathological changes on the placentas, both macroscopic and microscopic, were nonspecific and overlapped in infectious and non-infectious causes of abortion, and most often
included necrosis, hyperemia/congestion, edema and bleeding. Infectious abortions were
detected more often than non-infectious abortions. In a third of the cases of infectious
abortions, the pathogen was visible histologically, which, along with non-specific pathological
changes that could not be linked to different pathogens and the inability of histological
examination to distinguish between species of microorganisms, indicates the importance of
additional diagnostic examinations in order to determine the exact pathogen. High quality
anamnestic data, clinical findings and detailed pathological analysis accompanied by additional
laboratory tests are imperative to determine the cause of abortion as accurately as possible.

• Keywords: pobačaj; kobila; obdukcija; posteljica; histologija
• Keywords (english): abortion; mare; necropsy; placenta; histology
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:178:807229
• Study programme: Title: Veterinary Medicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica veterinarske medicine (doktor/doktorica veterinarske medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2024-10-22 12:04:36