| Abstract | Mogućnost intoksikacije u pasa ovisi o dostupnosti otrovnih tvari, sklonosti životinje
da ih konzumira, dozi i individualnoj osjetljivosti pojedine jedinke. Cilj ovog diplomskog rada
bio je analizirati incidenciju i uzroke trovanja u pasa pregledom arhive „Vef. Protokola” Klinike
za unutarnje bolesti Veterinarskog fakulteta Sveučilišta u Zagrebu u razdoblju od 1. siječnja
2020. do 1. siječnja 2023. godine. Također, rad ima za cilj upoznati stručnu i širu javnost o
opasnostima koje prijete psima u svakodnevnom okruženju i pružiti uvid u kliničku
prezentaciju i protokole stabilizacije i liječenja intoksikacija u pasa.
U istraživanje je na osnovi ulaznih kriterija (suglasnost vlasnika te kompletna
medicinska dokumentacija) bio uključen 141 pas (ukupna istraživana populacija) zaprimljen s
radnom dijagnozom intoksikacije ili ingestije opasnih, štetnih i/ili opasnih tvari. U istraživanoj
populaciji obrađeni su i statistički analizirani pasmina, dob, spol, tjelesna masa, anamnestički
podatci, klinički simptomi, nalazi provedenih dijagnostičkih postupaka te protokoli liječenja,
vrijeme hospitalizacije i konačni kratkoročni ishod.
Uzroci trovanja bili su hrana (37,6%), lijekovi (17,7%) i specifični otrovi (24,1%),
kemikalije iz kućanstva (5%), droge (1,4%) te nepoznate tvari (14,2%). Istraživana populacija
obuhvatila je 46 čistokrvnih pasmina među kojima su najzastupljenije bile malteški psić (5,7%;
8/141) i labrador retriver (5,7%; 8/141) te križance (32,6%). Zastupljenost spolova bila je
podjednaka. Prosječna dob bila je 3,9 ± 4 godine (u rasponu od 1 do 18 godina), a prosječna
tjelesna masa 14,1 ± 9,8 kg (u rasponu od 2,2 do 41 kg). Najčešći simptomi uključivali su
probavne (52,5%), neurološke (42,7%) i respiratorne (11,3%). U 84,4% pasa je bilo potrebno
provesti liječenje, a 45,4% je bilo hospitalizirano. Liječenje je najčešće (63,9%) uključivalo
intravensku primjenu tekućina, a najčešće korišteni lijekovi bili su maropitant (36,1%),
esomeprazol (15,1%) i midazolam (7,6%). Prosječno trajanje hospitalizacije bilo je 2,3 ± 1,8
dana (u rasponu od 1 do 8 dana), a prosječno trajanje liječenja 3,5 ± 5 dana (u rasponu od 1 do
28 dana). Kratkoročni ishod liječenja bio je povoljan u 79,4% pacijenata, nepoznat u 12,1%, a
nepovoljan u 8,5% pacijenata. |
| Abstract (english) | The possibility of intoxication in dogs depends on the availability of toxic substances, the
animal’s tendency to consume them, the dose, and the individual sensitivity of each dog. The aim
of this thesis was to analyze the incidence and causes of poisoning in dogs by reviewing the archives
of the "Vef. Protocol" at the Clinic for Internal Medicine of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine,
University of Zagreb, from January 1, 2020, to January 1, 2023. Additionally, the study aims to
inform both professionals and the general public about the dangers that dogs face in their everyday
environment, and to provide insight into the clinical presentation and protocols for stabilizing and
treating intoxication in dogs.
The study included 141 dogs (the total studied population) based on inclusion criteria
(owner consent and complete medical documentation), all admitted with a working diagnosis of
intoxication or ingestion of harmful and/or dangerous substances. In the study population, the
following factors were processed and statistically analysed: breed, age, sex, body weight, anamnesis
data, clinical symptoms, results of diagnostic procedures, treatment protocols, duration of
hospitalization, and short-term outcomes.
The causes of poisoning included food (37.6%), medications (17.7%), specific poisons
(24.1%), household chemicals (5%), drugs (1.4%), and unknown substances (14.2%). The studied
population included 46 purebred breeds, with Maltese dogs (5.7%; 8/141) and Labrador Retrievers
(5.7%; 8/141) being the most represented, along with mixed breeds (32.6%). The distribution of
genders was approximately equal. The average age was 3.9 ± 4 years (ranging from 1 to 18 years),
and the average body weight was 14.1 ± 9.8 kg (ranging from 2.2 to 41 kg). The most common
symptoms included digestive (52.5%), neurological (42.7%), and respiratory (11.3%). Treatment
was required in 84.4% of dogs, with 45.4% being hospitalized. The most common treatments
(63.9%) included intravenous fluid administration, while the most frequently used medications
were maropitant (36.1%), esomeprazole (15.1%), and midazolam (7.6%). The average duration of
hospitalization was 2.3 ± 1.8 days (ranging from 1 to 8 days), and the average treatment duration
was 3.5 ± 5 days (ranging from 1 to 28 days). The short-term outcome of treatment was favorable
in 79.4% of patients, unknown in 12.1%, and unfavorable in 8.5% of patients. |
