Kontrola ilegalne primjene prirodnih spolnih hormona u stočarskoj industriji

master's thesis

• Title (english): Control of Illegal Use of Natural Sex Hormones in Farm Animals
• Author: Luka Radmanić
• Mentor: Marko Samardžija (mentor)
• Mentor: Jelka Pleadin (mentor)
• Committee member: Ivan Folnožić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Marko Samardžija (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Jelka Pleadin (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; (Reproduction and Obstetrics Clinic); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2017-07-06, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Veterinary Medicine

Abstract

17ß-estradiol, progesteron i testosteron su najbitniji predstavnici triju skupina prirodnih steroidnih spolnih hormona koji su se upotrebljavali kao promotori rasta u intenzivnoj stočarskoj industriji. Njihov učinak na prirast i poboljšanje organoleptičkih svojstava je veoma pozitivan pa su se stoga i primjenjivali dugi niz godina u tovu životinja, sve dok se nisu otkrile nuspojave njihova djelovanja. Naime, dugotrajno korištenje ovih tvari ima toksične, mutagene, teratogene i karcinogene učinke kod životinja, a kao posljedica anaboličke primjene ovih tvari kumuliraju se rezidue u životinjskim tkivima te se eliminiraju tjelesnim tekućinama, a ujedno i putem mlijeka. Potrošači time mogu biti izloženi ovim tvarima konzumirajući namirnice životinjskog podrijetla (mlijeko, meso, jaja), uzrokujući kod ljudi još veći broj nuspojava i štetnih posljedica nego kod životinja. Iz navedenih razloga još 1988. godine zabranjena je uporaba steroidnih spolnih hormona kao anabolika u cijeloj EU te je njihova primjena ograničena samo u terapijske svrhe za liječenje poremećaja reprodukcije i gravidnosti. Kod određivanja koncentracija hormona u hrani životinjskog podrijetla vrlo je bitno znati fiziološke koncentracije navednih hormona kako bi mogli odrediti je li došlo do zlouporabe ili se radi o fiziološkim referentnim vrijednostima. Fiziološke koncentracije veoma variraju i ovise o mnogo čimbenika pa kod razmatranja rezultata treba uzeti u obzir i anamnestičke podatke te podatke o hranidbi i držanju životinja. Današnji sustavi kontrole su sve detaljniji, a dijagnostički testovi sve precizniji pa su i rezultati pretraga puno pouzdaniji, a hrana životinjskog podrijetla sigurnija za konzumaciju potrošača. S obzirom na stalni razvoj novih sintetskih tvari i moguću zlouporabu tzv. "koktela" s niskim udjelima aktivnih tvari s anaboličkim učinkom, potreban je kontinuirani nadzor njihove primjene tijekom tova životinja i na klaonici.

Abstract (english)

The most important representatives of the three groups of natural steroid sex hormones that have been used as growth promoters in the intensive livestock industry are: 17ß-estradiol, progesterone and testosterone. Their effects on growth and improvement of the organoleptic properties are very positive, because that they have been applied in farm animals for a long time before their side effects were revealed. Long-term use of these substances has toxic, mutagenic, teratogenic and cancerous effects on animals. As a result of anabolic application, accumulation of residues occurs in animal tissues and the elimination of the substances is performed through the bodily fluids, including milk. Consumers could be exposed to these substances by consuming food products of animal origin (milk, meat, eggs), causing even more severe side effects and harmful repercussions in humans than in animals. Because of the mentioned reasons, anabolic use of steroid sex hormones was banned by law in 1988 in the whole EU. Their application is limited only to therapeutic purposes to treat reproductive and gestation disorders. For determining concentrations of steroid sex hormones in food of animal origin, it is essential to know physiological concentrations of the mentioned hormones, in order to know if the results are a consequence of abuse or physiological referent values. Physiological values can vary and it depends on many factors. So when we discuss the results, we have to consider anamnestic information and facts about feeding and animal accommodation. The current control systems are more detailed, the diagnostic tests are more precise, so the results are more reliable and animal food products are safer for consumers. Therefore, the constant development of new synthetic substances and possible abuse of so-called "cocktails" with low levels of active substances with anabolic effects and thus the continuous monitoring of their use is required during farm animal breeding and in slaughterhouses.

• Keywords: Kontrola ilegalne primjene prirodnih spolnih hormona u stočarskoj industriji
• Keywords (english): Control of illegal use of natural sex hormones in the livestock industry
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:178:162576
• Study programme: Title: Veterinary Medicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica veterinarske medicine (doktor/doktorica veterinarske medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2018-07-23 12:37:08