Kemijski spojevi kao indikatori nastanka Diabetes Mellitusa u mačaka

master's thesis

• Title (english): Chemical Compounds as Indicators of Diabetes Mellitus in Cats
• Author: Marko Ružić
• Mentor: Ivana Stolić (mentor)
• Mentor: Ljiljana Bedrica (mentor)
• Committee member: Daniel Špoljarić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Ivana Stolić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Ljiljana Bedrica (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; (Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2018-07-13, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Veterinary Medicine

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus jedna je od najčešćih endokrinopatija kod mačaka. Nastaje zbog nedostatka
inzulina. Razlikuju se dva tipa dijabetesa – ovisan o inzulinu (DMOI), izrazito rijedak kod
mačaka, i neovisan o inzulinu (DMNI). Kemijski markeri dijabetesa kemijski su spojevi iz
krvi i urina. Konačna dijagnoza dijabetesa kod mačaka postavlja se na temelju kliničkih
znakova bolesti i rezultata laboratorijskih testova krvi i urina. Kod mačaka je česta
hiperglikemija izazvana stresom. U tom slučaju urin ne sadržava povećanu koncentraciju
glukoze, što olakšava razlikovanje između dijabetesa i hiperglikemije izazvane stresom. Kod
dijabetesa, osim povećanja količine glukoze u krvnom serumu i mokraći, javljaju se osnovni
klinički simptomi: poliurija, polidipsija, polifagija, gubitak tjelesne težine. Osnovni markeri
diabetes mellitus su: glukoza (krv, urin), ketoni (urin), HbA1c, fruktozamin. Dijagnoza se
sigurno postavlja na temelju kliničkih simptoma i rezultata laboratorijskih pretraga krvi i
urina. Liječenje je složenije nego kod pasa. Poznato je da su mačke s dijabetesom
nepredvidive u odgovoru na egzogeni inzulin. Nijedna vrsta inzulina nije rutinski učinkovita u
održavanju kontrole glikemije, čak ni kod primjene dvaput dnevno nije moguće predvidjeti
koja će vrsta inzulina najbolje djelovati kod pojedinih mačaka. Prosječno je vrijeme
preživljavanja pasa i mačaka tri godine od postavljene dijagnoze, no kod nekih je životinja
preživljavanje dulje od sedam godina.

Abstract (english)

Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common endocrinopathy in cats. It is due to lack of
insulin. There are two types of insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM), extremely rare in cats,
and insulin-independent (NIDDM). The chemical markers of diabetes are chemical
compounds of the blood and urine. The final diagnosis of diabetes in cats is based on clinical
signs of the disease and results of laboratory blood and urine tests. Cats are often
hyperglycemia caused by stress. In this case urine does not contain increased glucose
concentration, which makes it easier to distinguish between diabetes and hyperglycemia
caused by stress. In diabetes, in addition to increasing the amount of glucose in blood serum
and urine, basic clinical symptoms are present: polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia, loss of body
weight. The main markers of diabetes mellitus are: glucose (blood, urine), ketones (urine),
HbA1c, fructosamine. Diagnosis is surely established on the basis of clinical symptoms and
results of laboratory blood and urine tests. Treatment is more complicated than in dogs. It is
known that cats with diabetes are unpredictable in response to exogenous insulin. No type of
insulin is routinely effective in maintaining glycemic control, even when administered twice
daily, it is not possible to predict which type of insulin will best affect certain cats. The
average time of survival of dogs and cats is three years from the diagnosis, but in some
animals survival is longer than seven years.

• Keywords: mačke; diabetes mellitus; glukoza; hiperglikemija
• Keywords (english): cats; diabetes mellitus; glucose; hyperglycemia
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:178:132586
• Study programme: Title: Veterinary Medicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica veterinarske medicine (doktor/doktorica veterinarske medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2018-12-19 14:07:31