| Abstract | Biokemijski pokazatelji seruma koriste se u procjeni bolesti i stanja životinja te praćenju i evaluaciji ishoda liječenja bolesti životinja, tumačenju nutritivnih poremećaja, u istraživanjima produktivnosti životinja i prikupljanju informacija o patofiziološkom stanju životinja. Spolno vezane razlike u fiziološkim procesima, patofiziologiji, dijagnostici i liječenju bolesti imaju sve veći značaj u humanoj medicini, te bi se te razlike trebale istražiti i implementirati u istraživanja na animalnim modelima. Stoga je cilj ovoga rada bio istražiti utjecaj spola i gonadektomije na vrijednosti istraživanih biokemijskih pokazatelja u krvnom serumu spolno zrelih svinja. Istraživanje je provedeno na 20 klinički zdravih spolno zrelih svinja (5 nerasta, 5 nazimica, 5 kastriranih nerasta i 5 kastriranih nazimica), pasmine švedski landras u dobi od 10 mjeseci. Uzorci krvi su uzeti jednokratno punkcijom v. jugularis u epruvete bez antikoagulansa. Nakon centrifugiranja izdvojen je serum, a u uzorcima su spektrofotometrijski određene aktivnosti aspartat aminotransferaze (AST), alanin-aminotransferaze (ALT), γ-glutamil transferaze (GGT) te koncentracije ukupnih bjelančevina, albumina, ukupnog kolesterola, triacilglicerola, uree, glukoze, kreatinina, ukupnog bilirubina i konjugiranog bilirubina. Statističkom analizom utvrđeno je da kastrirani nerasti imaju značajno veću koncentraciju uree (P<0,05) u krvnom serumu u odnosu na neraste. Osim toga, kastrirani su nerasti imali značajno manju (P<0,05) koncentraciju glukoze u serumu od nerasta i nazimica. Koncentracije triacilglicerola, ukupnog kolesterola, ukupnog bilirubina i konjugiranog bilirubina u krvnome serumu bile su najveće u kastriranih nazimica, a najmanje u nerasta. Aktivnosti AST-a, ALT-a i GGT-a te koncentracija uree bile su najveće u serumu kastriranih nerasta, a najmanje u nerasta, osim aktivnosti GGT-a koja je bila najmanja u kastriranih nazimica. Nadalje, najveće koncentracije glukoze, ukupnih proteina i albumina bile su zabilježene u serumu nazimica, dok su najmanje zabilježene u nerasta, izuzev koncentracije glukoze koja je bila najmanja u serumu kastriranih nerasta. Prema dobivenim rezultatima ovoga istraživanja može se zaključiti da se većina vrijednosti istraživanih biokemijskih pokazatelja u krvnome serumu svinja razlikovalo ovisno o spolu i ganadektomiji, ali ne značajno. Međutim, daljnja istraživanja su potrebna na većem broju životinja kako bi se preciznije definirali učinci dobi i gonadektomije na vrijednosti biokemijskih pokazatelja u krvnome serumu svinja. No, za interpretaciju biokemijskih pokazatelja seruma svinja, odnosno kako bi se osigurala točna klinička dijagnoza i prognoza trebalo bi uzeti u obzir spol i hormonski status životinja. |
| Abstract (english) | The serum biochemical parameters are used to evaluate animal disease and condition as well as to monitor and evaluate the outcomes of animal disease treatment, in the interpretation of nutritional disorders, in the animal productivity research, and in collection of information on the pathophysiological condition of animals. The gender-related differences in physiological processes, pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment of diseases have an increasing importance in human medicine, and these differences should be investigated and implemented in animal models. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the influence of sex and gonadectomy (castration) on the values of the investigated biochemical parameters in the blood serum of the sexually mature pigs. The study was conducted on 20 clinically healthy, sexually mature pigs (5 boars, 5 gilts, 5 castrated boars and 5 castrated gilts) of the Swedish Landrace breed at the age of 10 months. Blood samples were taken from the jugular vein using blood test tubes without anticoagulant. After centrifugation, the serum was separated, and the activities of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), γ-glutamyl transferase (GGT) as well as the concentrations of total protein, albumin, total cholesterol, triacylglycerol, urea, glucose, creatinine, total bilirubin and conjugated bilirubin were determined in the samples spectrophotometrically. Statistical analysis showed that castrated boars have significantly higher urea concentrations (P<0.05) in blood serum than boars. In addition, castrated boars had a significantly lower (P<0.05) serum glucose concentration than males and females. The concentrations of triacylglycerols, total cholesterol, total bilirubin, and conjugated bilirubin in blood serum were the highest in castrated gilts and the lowest in boars. The activities of AST, ALT and GGT and the concentration of serum urea were the highest in the serum of castrated boars, and the lowest in boars, except the GGT activity that was the lowest in castrated gilts. Furthermore, the highest concentrations of glucose, total protein and albumin were recorded in gilts serum, while the lowest in boars, except for glucose concentrations that were the lowest in serum of the castrated boars. Based on the results of this study it can be concluded that most of the values of the investigated biochemical parameters in the blood serum of pigs differed in relation to gender and ganadectomy, but not significantly. However, further studies are required with a larger number of animals in order to more precisely define the effects of gender and gonadectomy on the values of biochemical parameters in blood serum of pigs. However, for the interpretation of the serum biochemical parameters of pigs, i.e. to ensure accurate clinical diagnosis and prognosis, gender and gonadectomy of animals should be taken in consideration. |
