Hitna i intenzivna njega neonatoloških pacijenata u maloj praksi

master's thesis

• Title (english): EMERGENCY AND INTENSIVE CARE OF THE NEONATES IN SMALL PRACTICE
• Author: Sara Jusup
• Mentor: Marko Samardžija (mentor)
• Mentor: Mirna Brkljačić (mentor)
• Committee member: Marko Samardžija (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Mirna Brkljačić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Vesna Matijatko (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; (Reproduction and Obstetrics Clinic); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2020, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Veterinary Medicine; Veterinary Clinical Sciences

Abstract

Neonatologija je posebna grana veterinarske medicine koja proučava razvoj novorođenčadi s posebnim naglaskom na skrb prerano ili bolesno rođenih jedinki. Hitna stanja u pedijatriji predstavljaju po život opasna stanja koja se javljaju u štenadi i mačića do starosti od 12 tjedana. Obrada takvih pacijenata predstavlja svojevrstan klinički izazov zbog fizioloških i hemodinamskih razlika u odnosu na odrasle jedinke. Mladunčad se dijeli na novorođenčad (0-2 tjedna starosti), mlade (engl. infant, 2-6 tjedana starosti) i mlade (engl. juvenile 6-12 tjedana starosti). Glavna karakteristika neonatalnog razdoblja u štenadi i mačića je kompletna ovisnost o majci jer nemaju u potpunosti razvijen neurološki sustav i funkcije poput vida i sluha te spinalnih refleksa. Svaka jedinka po rođenju treba biti detaljno pregledana, a svako odstupanje od normalnih parametara za jedinku te dobi može predstavljati potencijani zdravstveni problem. U nekim slučajevima, otkrivanje pravog uzroka bolesti zna biti vrlo teško. Pravovremeno prepoznavanje morbiditeta i promptno zbrinjavanje presudni su u obradi pedijatrijskih pacijenata. Ukoliko se radi o izrazito kritičnom pacijentu terapija i monitoring temelje se na tzv. 4H načelu koji se odnosi na stabilizaciju i nadziranje hipotermije, hipoglikemije, hipoksije i hipovolemije, odnosno dehidracije. Prikladnom prehranom tijekom razdoblja rasta mladunčadi osigurava se odgovarajuća tjelesna težina i veličina koja je karakteristična za jedinku te dobi i vrste. Kod liječenja neonatalnih pacijenata treba imati na umu da njihov imunološki sustav nije dovoljno razvijen pa su zato izrazito podložni raznim bolestima, posebice zaraznim.

Abstract (english)

Neonatology is a specific veterinary medicine branch which studies newborn development with a strong emphasis on the care of prematurely or sickly born individuals. Pediatric emergencies mean life-threatening conditions which occur in puppies and kittens by the age of 12 weeks. Treatment of that kind of patients is a clinical challenge of its kind, because of physiological and hemodynamic differences compared to adult individuals. Young animals are divided into newborns (0-2 weeks old), infants (2-6 weeks old) and juvenile (6-12 weeks old). The main feature of puppies' and kittens' neonatal period is complete dependence on the mother, because they still lack a fully developed neurological system alongside certain functions such as sight and hearing, as well as spinal reflexes. Each individual is to be examined in detail at birth and each deviation from normal parameters for an individual of that age could be a potential health problem. In some cases, discovering the exact cause of disease can be very difficult. Recognizing morbidity in a timely manner and giving prompt care is crucial in pediatric patient's treatment. In the case of a highly critical patient, therapy and monitoring are based on the so called 4H principle which is related to stabilization and surveillance of hypothermia, hypoglycemia, hypoxia and hypovolemia/dehydration. Proper nutrition during the period of growth as well as adequate body weight and size, characteristic to an individual of that age and species, are ensured. Their immune system is not sufficiently developed, thus making them susceptible to various diseases.

• Keywords: veterinarska neonatologija; štenci; mačići; hitna stanja u pedijatriji
• Keywords (english): veterinary neonatology; puppies; kittens; pediatric emergencies
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:178:806359
• Study programme: Title: Veterinary Medicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica veterinarske medicine (doktor/doktorica veterinarske medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2020-11-27 12:19:37