UTJECAJ NEONIKOTINOIDA NA PCELE

master's thesis

• Title (english): THE IMPACT OF NEONICOTINOIDS ON BEES
• Author: Irena Palijan
• Mentor: Ivana Tlak Gajger (mentor)
• Committee member: Srebrenka Nejedli (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Dragan Bubalo (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Ivana Tlak Gajger (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; (Department for Biology and Pathology of Fish and Bees); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2014, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Veterinary Medicine; Animal Production and Biotechnology

Abstract

Suvremena poljoprivredna proizvodnja osniva se na primjeni mineralnih gnojiva i
pesticida, navodnjavanju, te korištenju kukaca za oprašivanje. Medutim, insekticidi iz skupine
neonikotinoida primijenjeni u svrhu zaštite poljoprivrednih kultura mogu uzrokovati otrovanja
prirodnih oprašivaca, posebice medonosnih pcela, bumbara i solitarnih pcela. Najcešce
upotrebljavani neonikotinoidni insekticidi su imidakloprid, acetamiprid, klotianidin,
tiametoksam, tiakloprid, dinotefuran i nitenpiran. Primjenjuju se za kontroliranje broja
štetnika na poljoprivrednim kulturama tretiranjem sjemenja i tla ili izravno prskanjem po
biljkama. Navedeni sistemski insekticidi mogu se utvrditi u malim koncentracijama u peludu i
nektaru tretiranih biljaka, medutim nepovoljno djeluju na ne ciljane organizme kao što su
prirodni oprašivaci. Diljem Europe i SAD-a poveznica s ugibanjem medonosnih pcela ucinila
je neonikotinoide kontroverznima. Zato su provedena znanstvena istraživanja o utjecaju
primijenjenih neonikotinoida na poljoprivrednim kulturama, te je na osnovu rezultata istih,
pritiska znanstvene zajednice i pcelara, Europska agencija za sigurnost hrane pri EU 2013.
godine donijela odluku o dvogodišnjoj zabrani uporabe i monitoringu primjene klotianidina,
imidakloprida i tiametoksama.
Cilj ovog rada je prikazati najnovije spoznaje o štetama koje neonikotinoidi mogu
prouzrociti na pojedinim pcelama i/ili pcelinjoj zajednici, toleranciji pcela te nacinima i
preventivnim mjerama sprecavanja otrovanja

Abstract (english)

Modern agricultural production is based on use of mineral fertilizers and pesticide,
irrigation and pollinarors. However, insecticides from neonikotinoid group applied for pests
control on agricultural crops can lead to poisoning natural pollinators, especially honey bees,
bumble bees and solitary bees. Most offten used neonikotinoids are imidacloprid, acetamiprid,
clothianidin, thiamethoxam, thiacloprid, dinotefuran and nitenpyran. They are used for pest
control on agricultural crops by treating the seeds and soil or by beenig directly sprayed on
plants. These systemic insecticides can be detected in small concentration in pollen and nectar
of treated plants, however they have adverse effect on non-target organisms such as natural
pollinators. Across Europe and USA, connection to honey bee death, made neonikotinoids
controversial. Therefor, several scientific studies about effects of applied neonikotinoids on
crops were preformed. Based on the results obtained, pressure of the scientific community and
beekeepers, European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) by European Union in 2013 makes
decision to ban the use of clothianidin, imidacloprid and thiamethoxam for two year period
and ordered monitoring through that time.
The aim oft his paper is to present the latest findings about damage that neonikotinoids
can cause on bees and/or bee collony, bee tolerance and on prevention methods against
poisoning.

• Keywords: medonosne pcele; bumbari; solitarne pcele; neonikotinoidi
• Keywords (english): honey bees; bumble bees; solitary bees; neonicotinoides
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:178:240031
• Study programme: Title: Veterinary Medicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica veterinarske medicine (doktor/doktorica veterinarske medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2020-12-08 10:20:54