Dokaz emergentnih bolesti vodozemaca na primjeru monitoringa mahovinaste vijetnamske žabe (Theloderma corticale)

master's thesis

• Title (english): Detection of emerging amphibian diseases on example of monitoring Mossy Vietnamese Frog (Theloderma corticale)
• Author: Lucija Tomičić
• Mentor: Maja Lukač (mentor)
• Mentor: Željko Gottstein (mentor)
• Committee member: Danijela Horvatek Tomić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Liča Lozica (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Željko Gottstein (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Ljubo Barbić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2022-10, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Veterinary Medicine; Veterinary Public Health and Food Safety

Abstract

Tijekom posljednjih 70-ak godina populacije vodozemaca uvelike su se smanjile na globalnoj
razini. Uz različite faktore koji su tome doprinijeli (klimatske promjene, zagađenje okoliša,
uništavanje staništa), emergentne zarazne bolesti – ranaviroza i hitridiomikoza trenutno su najveća
prijetnja. Počevši s epizootijama, i ugrožavajući lokalne populacije, već su prešle u panzootiju koja
je neke vrste dovela do ruba izumiranja. Testirali smo 8 jedinki vijetnamskih mahovinastih žaba
(Thelodema corticale) i vodu iz njihovih vivarija na prisutnost uzročnika ranaviroze i oba
uzročnika hitridiomikoze: Ranavirus, Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis i Batrachochytrium
salamandrivorans. Od 8 životinja su uzeti obrisci kože, te su uzeta 2 uzorka vode iz 2 vivarija
sterilnim štapićem. Uzorci su pretraženi qPCR-om i svi pretraženi uzorci bili su negativni. Nadzor
ranaviroze i hitridiomikoze bitan je zbog očuvanja divljih, ali i uzgajanih populacija, a ponajviše
autohtonih i ugroženih vrsta. Zbog toga u svih novih i uvezenih jedinki preporučeno je isključiti
ove bolesti prije puštanja tj. priključivanja populaciji. U Republici Hrvatskoj istraživanja o
prisutnosti i prevalenciji ovih bolesti, rijetka su, te bi ih u budućnosti trebalo provesti više kako
bismo dobili uvid o stanju u hrvatskim populacijama vodozemaca i prema tome mogli razviti
programe kontrole, nadzora i suzbijanja bolesti prije nego bude kasno.

Abstract (english)

During the last 70 years amphibian populations have greatly decreased on a global scale. In
addition to various factors that contributed to this (climate change, environmental pollution, habitat
destruction), emerging infectious diseases - ranavirosis and chytridiomycosis are currently the
biggest threat. Starting with epizootics, firstly endangering local populations, they have already
turned into panzootics that have brought some species to the brink of extinction. We tested eight
individuals of Vietnamese moss frogs (Thelodema corticale) and the water from their vivariums
for the presence of the causative agent of ranavirus and both causative agents of chytridiomycosis:
Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis and Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans. Skin swabs were taken
from 8 animals and 2 water samples were taken from 2 vivariums with a sterile stick swabs.
Samples were screened by qPCR and all tested samples were negative. Control of ranavirosis and
chytridiomycosis is important for the preservation of wild and captive populations, especially
native and endangered species. For this reason, it is recommended to rule out these diseases in all
new and imported animals before joining the population. In the Republic of Croatia, research on
the presence and prevalence of these diseases is rare and more of them should be conducted in the
future in order to get a better understanding to the state of Croatian amphibian populations and,
accordingly, develop programs for control, surveillance and suppression of the disease before it is
too late.

• Keywords: emergentne zarazne bolesti vodozemaca; ranaviroza; hitridiomikoza; ugroženost vodozemaca; PCR; karantena
• Keywords (english): emergent infectious diseases of amphibians; ranavirus; chytridiomycosis; endangerment of amphibians; PCR; quarantine
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:178:861590
• Study programme: Title: Veterinary Medicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica veterinarske medicine (doktor/doktorica veterinarske medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2022-10-17 08:35:41