PREGLED UGINUĆA KITOVA (Cetacea) U SVJETSKIM MORIMA

master's thesis

• Author: Petra Prpić
• Mentor: Tomislav Gomerčić (mentor)
• Mentor: Martina Đuras (mentor)
• Committee member: Andrea Gudan Kurilj (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Tomislav Gomerčić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Martina Đuras (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Tajana Trbojević Vukičević (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2023-06, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Veterinary Medicine; Basic and Preclinical Veterinary Sciences

Abstract

Kitovi (Cetacea) su ugrožene životinje koje su zakonom zaštićene u gotovo svim
svjetskim morima. Jedna od važnih aktivnosti u zaštiti ovih vrsta je praćenje uzroka smrti s
ciljem pravovremenog otkrivanja i uklanjanja negativnih čimbenika na koje se može utjecati
putem djelotvornih mjera zaštite. U ovom radu prikazani su uzroci uginuća kitova u hrvatskom
dijelu Jadranskoga mora objavljeni u recentnim publikacijama i uzroci uginuća kitova iz drugih
svjetskih mora prikazani u relevantnim literaturnim izvorima. Utvrđeno je da se uginuća kitova
najintenzivnije prate duž europskih obala Atlantskog oceana, a najmanje je podataka s područja
duž obala Indijskog oceana. Lešine kitova često su u visokom stupnju raspadanja te su u ovom
stanju pogodne samo za djelomičnu postmortalnu obradu. U ukupnom nalazu udio mladih u
odnosu na odrasle životinje kao i ženki u odnosu na mužjake je u pravilu podjednak, izuzev
nekih zemljopisnih područja gdje prevladava jedna ili druga dobna odnosno spolna kategorija.
Antropogeni čimbenici koji uzrokuju smrt čine značajan udio u ukupnom nalazu, a to su
najčešće zaplitanje u ribarske mreže i posljedično utapanje, sudar s brodicama, namjerno
ubijanje, podvodne eksplozije te ingestija i ozljede od ribolovnog alata. Pneumonija a je
najčešći prirodni čimbenik koji uzrokuje uginuća kitova.

Abstract (english)

Whales (Cetacea) are endangered animals that are protected by the law in almost all the
world's seas. One of the important activities in the protection of these species is the monitoring
of the causes of death with the aim of timely detection and action on negative factors through
effective protection measures. This paper presents the causes of death of whales in the Croatian
part of the Adriatic Sea published in recent publications and the causes of death of whales from
other world seas presented in relevant literature sources. Causes of death in whales are most
intensively monitored along the European coast of the Atlantic Ocean, and the least amount of
data is from the areas along the coasts of the Indian Ocean. Whale carcasses are often in a high
state of decomposition and in this state they are only suitable for partial post-mortem
processing. In the overall findings, the proportion of young compared to adult animals as well
as females compared to males is generally equal, with the exception of some geographical areas
where one or the other age or gender category prevails. Anthropogenic causes of death make
up a significant part of the overall findings, which are most often entanglement in fishing nets
and consequent drowning, collision with boats, intentional killing, underwater explosions, and
ingestion and injuries from fishing gear. Pneumonia is the most common cause of natural death
in whales.

• Keywords: kitovi; Cetacea; uzroci smrti; svjetska mora
• Keywords (english): whales; Cetacea; causes of death; world seas
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:178:484828
• Study programme: Title: Veterinary Medicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica veterinarske medicine (doktor/doktorica veterinarske medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2023-06-26 11:43:45