Antimikrobna osjetljivost bakterija izdvojenih iz urina pasa i mačaka s infekcijom mokraćnog sustava

master's thesis

• Title (english): Antimicrobial sensitivity of bacteria isolated from the urine of dogs and cats with urinary tract infection
• Author: Dora Caušević
• Mentor: Zrinka Štritof (mentor)
• Committee member: Suzana Hađina (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Selma Pintarić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Zrinka Štritof (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Vilim Starešina (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2023-12, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Veterinary Medicine; Veterinary Public Health and Food Safety

Abstract

Infekcije mokraćnog sustava (IMS) predstavljaju jedan od najčešćih razloga za primjenu
antimikrobne terapije kod pasa i mačaka. Primjenjivost međunarodnih smjernica za liječenje
IMS-a (WEESE i sur., 2019) može ovisiti o lokalnim obrascima rezistencije. Cilj ovog
istraživanja bio je ispitati učestalost i osjetljivost na antimikrobne tvari kod patogena koji
uzrokuju IMS kod pasa i mačaka. Rezultati kulture urina i testiranja osjetljivosti na
antimikrobne tvari kod pasa i mačaka (AST), provedeni tijekom četverogodišnjeg razdoblja
(svibanj 2018. - svibanj 2022.), bili su retrospektivno analizirani. Uzorci urina obrađivani su
korištenjem klasičnih metoda za izolaciju i identifikaciju bakterija. AST je proveden za šest
antimikrobnih tvari koristeći metodu difuzije pomoću Kirby-Bauerovih diskova (CLSI, 2015;
EUCAST, 2022). Od 1267 obrađena uzorka urina, njih 442 (34,9%) pokazalo je značajan rast
bakterija. Najčešće izolirane bakterije bile su E. coli (43,4%), Proteus spp. (12,4%),
Enterococcus spp. (9,5%), Staphylococcus pseudointermedius (6,1%), Klebsiella spp. (5,7%),
koagulaza-negativni Staphylococcus spp. (5%) i Enterobacter spp. (2,9%). Visoke razine
rezistencije na antimikrobne tvari prvog izbora koje su zabilježene u ovom istraživanju
vjerojatno su pristrane u usporedbi s općom populacijom pasa i mačaka jer su većinom uzorci
urina dobiveni od veterinarske sveučilišne bolnice koja najviše prima pacijente na uputnicu.
Stoga, ovi rezultati ne bi trebali obeshrabriti kliničare od toga da slijede smjernica, već bi trebali
podići svijest o nepredvidivoj osjetljivosti bakterija pogotovo kod prethodno liječenih životinja
i onih koji imaju više zadravstvenih problema. Zato je važno započeti antimikrobnu terapiju
kod svih životinja na temelju rezultata kulture urina i AST-a.

Abstract (english)

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are among the most common reasons for administering
antimicrobial treatment in dogs and cats. The suitability of international guidelines for UTI
treatment (WEESE et al., 2019) may be contingent on local resistance patterns. This study
aimed to investigate the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of UTI pathogens in dogs
and cats. The results of urine culture and antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) in dogs and
cats conducted over a four-year period (May 2018 - May 2022) were retrospectively analyzed.
Urine samples were processed using conventional methods for bacterial isolation and
identification. AST was conducted for six antimicrobials using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion
method (CLSI, 2015; EUCAST, 2022). Out of 1267 processed urine samples, 442 (34,9%)
exhibited significant bacterial growth. The most frequently isolated bacteria included E. coli
(43,4%), Proteus spp. (12%), Enterococcus spp. (9,5%), Staphylococcus pseudointermedius
(6,1%), Klebsiella spp. (5,7%), coagulase-negative Staphylococcus spp. (5%) and Enterobacter
spp. (2,9%). The high rates of resistance to first-line antimicrobials observed in this study are
likely skewed when compared to the general canine and feline population, as most urine
samples were obtained from a veterinary university hospital that primarily admits referral
patients. Therefore, these results should not dissuade clinicians from adhering to the guidelines
but rather raise awareness of the unpredictable susceptibility of bacteria especially in previously
treated animals and animals with various medical condiotions. Hence, it is important to initiate
antimicrobial treatment in these animals based on urine culture results and AST.

• Keywords: infekcije mokraćnog sustava (IMS); antimikrobna terapija; osjetljivost na antimikrobne tvari
• Keywords (english): urinary tract infections (UTIs); antimicrobial treatment; antimicrobial susceptibility
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:178:116959
• Study programme: Title: Veterinary Medicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica veterinarske medicine (doktor/doktorica veterinarske medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2023-12-19 13:52:23