| Abstract | Bakterije višestruko otporne na antimikrobne tvari (multirezistentne) jedan su od najveći
javnozdravstvenih problema današnjice. Njihovo praćenje u svim segmentima veterinarske
medicine doprinosi poznavanju njihove učestalosti i obrazaca rezistencije. Cilj ovog rada bio
je odrediti učestalost izdvajanja multirezistentnih bakterija iz uzoraka urina pasa i mačaka s
infekcijom mokraćnog sustava, odrediti zastupljenost multirezistentnih izolata u ukupnom
broju izolata iste vrste te analizirati antimikrobnu osjetljivost multirezistentnih bakterija. U
ovom istraživanju obrađeni su arhivski podatci bakteriološkog laboratorija Zavoda za
mikrobiologiju i zarazne bolesti s klinikom Veterinarskog fakulteta, prikupljeni u razdoblju
2018.-2022. Tijekom četiri godine, iz urina pasa i mačaka izdvojen je 91 izolat
multirezistentnih bakterija, što je iznosilo 7,2% u odnosu na ukupni broj pretraženih urina
(N=1267) i 20,6% ukupnog broja bakterija izdvojenih iz urina pasa i mačaka (N=442). Većina
multirezistentnih izolata bakterija (76,9%) izdvojena je iz pasa, no i iz pasa i iz mačaka od
ukupnog broja bakteriološki pozitivnih urina, otprilike petina izolata bila je multirezistentna.
Najčešće multirezistentne bakterije bile su E. coli (32,9%), Enterococcus spp. (16,5%),
Klebsiella spp. (14,3%) i Proteus spp. (9,9%), dok je najveći udio multirezistentnih izolata u
odnosu na ukupni broj izolata iste vrste bio u rodova Enterococcus (55,5%) i Klebsiella
(56,5%). Od ukupno 91 multirezistentnog izolata, 38 (41,76%) izolata bilo je otporno na tri
skupine, 28 (30,8%) na četiri skupine, 20 (21,9%) na pet skupina i 5 (5,5%) na šest skupina
antimikrobnih tvari. Podatci prikazani u ovom istraživanju pokazuju nezanemarivu učestalost
multirezistentnih bakterija u infekcijama mokraćnog sustava pasa i mačaka, od kojih je više od
polovice izolata bilo otporno na barem jednu tvar iz četiri ili više skupina antimikrobnih tvari.
Navedeno govori u prilog nepredvidivoj učinkovitosti empirijske terapije, kao i gorućoj potrebi
za racionalnijom uporabom antimikrobnih tvari u liječenju nekompliciranih sporadičnih
infekcija mokraćnog sustava. |
| Abstract (english) | Multidrug-resistant bacteria are one of the most significant public health issues today.
Monitoring them in all aspects of veterinary medicine contributes to understanding their
prevalence and resistance patterns. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of
isolating bacteria resistant to antimicrobial agents from urine samples of dogs and cats with
urinary tract infections, assess the prevalence of multidrug-resistant isolates among the total
number of isolates of the same species, and analyze the antimicrobial sensitivity of multidrugresistant bacteria. This research involved the analysis of archival data of the bacteriology
laboratory of Department for microbiology and infectious diseases with clinic, Faculty of
Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, collected between 2018 and 2022. Over the four
years, 91 isolates of multidrug-resistant bacteria were obtained from urine samples of dogs and
cats, constituting 7.2% of the total number of examined urines (N=1267) and 20.6% of the total
number of bacteria isolated from the urine of dogs and cats (N=442). The majority of
multidrug-resistant bacteria isolates (76.9%) were obtained from dogs, but approximately onefifth of the isolates were multidrug-resistant, both from dogs and cats, among the total number
of bacteriologically positive urines. The most common multidrug-resistant bacteria were E. coli
(32.9%), Enterococcus spp. (16.5%), Klebsiella spp. (14.3%), and Proteus spp. (9.9%). The
highest proportion of multidrug-resistant isolates relative to the total number of isolates of the
same species was in the genera Enterococcus (55.5%) and Klebsiella (56.5%). Out of the total
91 multidrug-resistant isolates, 38 (41.76%) were resistant to at least one agent from three
groups, 28 (30.8%) to four groups, 20 (21.9%) to five groups, and 5 (5.5%) to six groups of
antimicrobial agents. The data presented in this study show a significant prevalence of
multidrug-resistant bacteria in urinary tract infections in dogs and cats, with more than half of
the isolates being resistant to four or more groups of antimicrobial agents. This underscores the
unpredictable effectiveness of empirical therapy and emphasizes the need for a more rational
use of antimicrobial agents in the treatment of uncomplicated sporadic urinary tract infections. |
