Alergija na hranu kod pasa: prednosti i nedostaci pojedinih režima hranjenja

master's thesis

• Title (english): Food Allergies in Dogs: Advantages and Disadvantages of Different Food Regimes
• Author: Ivana Karaman
• Mentor: Diana Brozić (mentor)
• Committee member: Hrvoje Valpotić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Tomislav Mašek (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Diana Brozić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2024-02, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Veterinary Medicine; Animal Production and Biotechnology

Abstract

Alergija na hranu kod pasa spada u nepovoljne reakcije na hranu (engl. adverse food
reactions) te se najčešće javlja u imunosno posredovanom obliku putem aktivacije IgE
protutijela ili u obliku preosjetljivot tipa 3 ili 4. Iako rijetko, u nekim slučajevima se može
pojaviti i kao neimunosno posredovana alergijska reakcija. Nastaje unosom (gliko) proteina
molekularne mase veće od 10 kilodaltona na koje životinja nije stekla oralnu toleranciju zbog
čega navedenu bjelančevinu prepoznaje kao stranu tvar. Probavni sustav igra glavnu ulogu u
nastanku alergijske reakcije jer, osim što je glavni put unosa alergena hrane, sadrži limfoidno
tkivo pridruženo sluznici probavnog sustava koje uvjetuje hoće li se neka unesena bjelančevina
prepoznati kao antigen. Alergija na hranu nije spolno, dobno ni pasminski predodređena, a
može se javiti već u dobi od nekoliko mjeseci. Ispoljava se najčešće u obliku probavnih ili
kožnih simptoma, uz mogućnost zahvaćanja ostalih sustava. Na temelju istraživanja različitih
dijagnostičkih metoda, jedina provjerena metoda dijagnostike i ujedno dugoročne kontrole
alergije je eliminacijsko – provokacijski protokol. Protokol se provodi uvođenjem novih
bjelančevina s kojima životinja do sada nije bila u kontaktu uz eliminaciju prethodno unošenih
alergenih bjelančevina. Glavni element protokola je odabir odgovarajućeg režima hranjenja
koji može uključivati komercijalnu hranu u hidroliziranom obliku ili u obliku hrane s jednim,
novim izvorom proteina te kao hranu pripremljenu kod kuće. Osim odabira hrane koja sadrži
izvor bjelančevina koji sigurno neće izazvati alergijsku reakciju, u obzir se trebaju uzeti i drugi
pokazatelji kao što su organoleptičke osobine hrane, količina hranjivih tvari, sastav i energetska
vrijednost, vremenski utrošak pripreme obroka i cijena. Prilikom odabira odgovarajućeg
režima hranjenja potreban je individualni pristup svakoj životinji uz poznavanje bjelančevina
koji kod nje djeluju kao alergeni.

Abstract (english)

Food allergy in dogs belongs to adverse food reactions and is usually immune-mediated
with IgE anti-bodies or through type 3 or 4 hypersensitivity. In some cases, food allergy can
be non-immune mediated, but this rarely occurs. It is caused by ingestion of (glyco) proteins
whose molecular mass is above 10 kilodalton for which an animal did not acquire oral tolerance
and thus recognises listed protein as a foreign. Gastro-intestinal system plays a vital role in
development of allergic reaction since, apart from being the main entrance for food allergens,
it contains gut associated lymphoid tissue which decides whether some ingested protein will
be viewed as antigen. Food allergy isn't predetermined by gender, age or breed and can even
occur at an age of a few months. It is usually manifested with gastro-intestinal or skin
symptoms with the possibility of other manifestations. Upon researching different diagnostic
methods, the only verified diagnostic method that is also used for a long-term management is
considered elimination provocation protocol. Through the protocol, new proteins with which
an animal has not yet been in contact are introduced, with elimination of the previously used
proteins. The main step of the protocol is the selection of proper food regime which can include
commercial foods with hydrolyzed source of proteins and foods with one novel protein or
homemade food. Along with the selection of the right food whose proteins certainly won't
cause allergic reaction, other parameters should be considered including food organoleptic
properties, the nutrient composition and energy density of the food, time needed to prepare the
meal and the price. To properly select the right food for the protocol, it is important to approach
every animal as an individual with the knowledge of which proteins act as antigens in that
animal.

• Keywords: alergija na hranu; eliminacijsko provokacijski protokol; psi; hidrolizirane bjelančevine
• Keywords (english): food allergy; elimination provocation protocol; dogs; hydrolyzed proteins
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:178:231064
• Study programme: Title: Veterinary Medicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica veterinarske medicine (doktor/doktorica veterinarske medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Access restricted to students and staff of home institution
• Created on: 2024-02-22 08:51:12