Potential use of preoperative blood analysis to distinguish intestinal obstruction due to a foreign body or a neoplasm

master's thesis

• Title (croatian): Mogućnost primjene prijeoperacijske analize krvi za razlikovanje crijevne opstrukcije uzrokovane stranim tijelom ili novotvorevinom
• Author: Elisa Meili Kohler
• Mentor: Dražen Vnuk (mentor)
• Mentor: Dean Konjević (mentor)
• Committee member: Andrija Musulin (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Dražen Vnuk (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Dean Konjević (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2024-09-24, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Veterinary Medicine; Veterinary Clinical Sciences

Abstract

Mechanical intestinal obstruction in dogs is quite common and is usually a lifethreatening condition. In an emergency situation, the basic protocol is to analyze the
hematology and biochemistry. Therefore, finding a blood marker that could guide the
veterinarian to a specific etiology (foreign body, intussusception or neoplasm) would be
helpful for the upcoming surgery and prognosis. The majority of mechanical intestinal
obstruction are due to foreign body. This study analyzed a sample of 76 dogs, of which 50 had
a diagnosis of foreign body, 10 had intussusception, and 13 had neoplasm. A decrease of
hemoglobin, monocytes and bilirubin could imply a non-neoplastic obstruction (in 72% a
foreign body and in 80% an intussusception), whereas this decrease is only 38% chances for a
neoplasm. A decrease below the reference value of the hematocrit and/or the erythrocytes
level suggest more a neoplasm than a foreign body. Results of this study indicate that preoperative blood analysis can point with certain accuracy to the underlying cause of
obstruction and assist other methods to make more confident decision about the emergency of
the condition. The most common surgeries for foreign body cases are enterotomies whereas
for neoplasm and intussusception, it is mainly resection and anastomosis, depending on the
viability of the intestines.

Abstract (croatian)

Mehanički začep crijeva pasa vrlo je česta i po život opasna pojava. U hitnim
slučajevima osnovni protokol je provedba prijeoperacijske hematološke i biokemijske analize.
Stoga bi pronalaženje krvnog pokazatelja koji bi mogao usmjeriti veterinara prema specifičnoj
etiologiji (strano tijelo, invaginacija ili novotvorevina) bilo od pomoći za predstojeću
operaciju i prognozu. Većina mehaničkih crijevnih opstrukcija uzrokovana je stranim tijelom.
Ovo istraživanje analiziralo je uzorak od 76 pasa, od kojih je 50 imalo dijagnozu stranog tijela,
10 invaginaciju, a 13 novotvorevinu. Sniženje razine hemoglobina, monocita i bilirubina
moglo bi značiti ne-neoplastičnu opstrukciju (u 72% slučajeva ukazuje na strano tijelo, a u
80% na invaginaciju), dok ovo smanjenje predstavlja samo 38% mogućnosti za
novotvorevinu. Pad ispod referentne vrijednosti hematokrita i/ili razine eritrocita više ukazuje
na novotvorevinu nego na strano tijelo. Rezultati ove studije pokazuju da analiza krvi prije
operacije može s određenom točnošću ukazati na temeljni uzrok opstrukcije i pomoći drugim
metodama u donošenju pouzdanije odluke o hitnosti stanja. Najčešći kirurški zahvati za
slučajeve stranog tijela su enterotomije, dok su za novotvorevine i invaginaciju uglavnom
resekcija i anastomoza, ovisno o vitalnosti crijeva.

• Keywords: dogs; intestinal obstruction; prediction; blood parameters
• Keywords (croatian): psi; opstrukcija crijeva; predviđanje; krvni pokazatelji
• Language: english
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:178:961515
• Study programme: Title: Veterinary Medicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica veterinarske medicine (doktor/doktorica veterinarske medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2024-10-18 08:47:15