| Abstract | Kokcidioza vodene peradi bitna je parazitarna bolest peradi uzrokovana najčešće vrstama
roda Eimeria, a ponajprije je problem intenzivne proizvodnje peradi jer uvjeti takvog uzgoja pogoduju
razvoju kokcidija. Bolest će u pataka biti uzrokovana vrstama roda Eimeria, Isospora, Tyzzeria i
Wenyonella, koje mogu invadirati i gusku, premda se kod njih najčešće javljaju kokcidije roda
Eimeria. Razvojni ciklus kokcidija je kompleksan, pri čemu endogenu fazu čine shizogonija i
gametogonija, a egzogenu čini sporogonija. Od kliničkih znakova javljaju se gubitak težine, slabost,
depresija, smanjena nutritivna apsorpcija i proljev. Dijagnostika se postavlja kliničkim pregledom,
fekalnom flotacijom, patohistološkim pregledom i molekularnim metodama, uz naglasak da je važno
ispravno identificirati vrstu kokcidije koja je uzrokovala bolest. Kod crijevne kokcidioze prilikom
razudbe nalaze se znakovi upale crijeva i kapilarno krvarenje, dok su kod bubrežne kokcidioze vidljivi
povećani bubrezi i čvorići. U liječenju kokcidioze koriste se razni sulfonamidi te kokcidiostatici,
odobreni za liječenje vodene peradi. Kao dio profilakse moguća je primjena antikokcidijskih lijekova,
kemijskih i ionofornih pripravaka, no problem predstavlja pojava rezistencije. Kontrola kokcidioze
općenito se zasniva na dobroj proizvodnoj praksi, kemoprofilaksi i cijepljenju, pri čemu je kod vodene
peradi naglasak na higijeni. Zbog povećane rezistencije parazita i zahtjeva tržišta za hranom bez
upotrebe lijekova, istražuju se nove strategije u borbi protiv kokcidioze |
| Abstract (english) | Coccidiosis of waterfowl is an important parasitic disease caused most often by species of the genus
Eimeria, and it is primarily a problem of intensive poultry production because the conditions of
such farming favor the development of coccidia. The disease in ducks will be caused by species of
the genera Eimeria, Isospora, Tyzzeria and Wenyonella, which can also invade geese, although
coccidia of the genus Eimeria occur in them most often. The development life cycle of coccidia is
complex, with the endogenous phase consisting of schizogony and gametogony, and the exogenous
phase consisting of sporogony. Clinical signs include weight loss, weakness, depression, decreased
nutritional absorption and diarrhea. Diagnosis is made on clinical examination, fecal flotation,
pathohistological examination and molecular methods, with the emphasis that it is important to
correctly identify the type of coccidia that caused the disease. In the case of intestinal coccidiosis,
signs of inflammation of the intestine and capillary bleeding, while in the case of renal coccidiosis,
enlarged kidneys and nodules are visible. In the treatment, various sulfonamides and coccidiostats
are used, which are approved for waterfowl. As part of prophylaxis, it is possible to use
anticoccidial drugs, chemicals and ionophores, but the problem is the emergence of resistance.
Control of coccidiosis is generally based on good husbandry practices, chemoprophylaxis and
vaccination, with emphasis on hygiene in waterfowl. Due to increased parasite resistance and
market demand for drug-free food, new strategies are being explored to combat coccidiosis |
