Lišmanioza - tipovi i dijagnostika

master's thesis

• Title (english): Leishmaniosis - Types And Diagnostics
• Author: Anamarija Klišanin
• Mentor: Franjo Martinković (mentor)
• Committee member: Petar Džaja (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Krešimir Matanović (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Franjo Martinković (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2024-11-28, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Veterinary Medicine; Veterinary Public Health and Food Safety

Abstract

Lišmanioza je invazijska bolest ljudi i mnogih vrsta životinja koja je uzrokovana parazitima
iz roda Leishmania. Opisano je tridesetak vrsta i podvrsta iz roda, a njih dvadesetak uzrokuje bolest
kod ljudi (zoonoze). Lišmanije se razvijaju preko biološkog vektora, a nalazimo ih u dva oblika
(promastigotni i amastigotni oblik). Vektori lišmanioze su hematofagni insekti tzv. papatači iz
rodova Phlebotomus i Lutzomyia. Kod ljudi, lišmanioza se pojavljuje u nekoliko oblika: kožna,
kožno – sluznička te visceralna, a psi su najvažniji rezervoari bolesti te najveća opasnost za ljude.
Lišmanije se mogu prenositi i transfuzijom krvi i krvnih derivata, transplacentarno te spolnim
putem. Kod invadiranih pasa klinička slika varira od blage, pa sve do jake kliničke manifestacije i
uginuća. Uključeni su kožno-sluzničko-visceralni simptomi. Lišmaniozu je moguće
dijagnosticirati direktnim putem, tj. parazitološkim nalazom uzročnika u obojenom uzorku
punktata limfnih čvorova, koštane srži, slezene ili jetre te in vitro kultivacijom u hranjivim
podlogama. Indirektno je moguće dokazati bolest dokazujući protutijela s različitim serološkim
metodama kao što su indirektna imunofluorescencija, imunoenzimski test, imunokromatografski
test, direktna aglutinacija te western-blotting. Bilo koja metoda dijagnostike je adekvatna ako se
koristi u kombinaciji s kliničkom slikom.

Abstract (english)

Leishmaniosis is an invasive disease of humans and many animal species, which is caused
by parasites from the genus Leishmania. About thirty species and subspecies of the genus have
been described, and about twenty of them cause the disease in humans (zoonoses). Leishmaniosis
develops through an biological vector, and can be found in two forms (promastigote and amastigote
form). The vectors of leishmaniosis are hematophagous insects, sandflies from Phlebotomus and
Lutzomyia genera. In humans, leishmaniosis appears in several forms: cutaneous, muco-cutaneous
and visceral form. Dogs are the most important reservoir of the disease and are the greatest danger
to humans. Leishmania can be transmitted by transfusion of blood and blood derivatives,
transplacentally and sexually. In infected dogs, clinical signs vary from mild, to severe clinical
manifestations and death. Cutaneous, muco-cutaneous and visceral symptoms are involved.
Leishmaniosis can be diagnosed directly, i. e. by parasitological detection of the causative agent in
stained lymph node, bone marrow, spleen or liver biopsy sample and by in vitro cultivation in in
vitro culture. Indirectly is possible to prove diseases by proving the antibodies with different
serological methods such as indirect immunofluorescence, immunoenzymatic test,
immunochromatographic test, direct agglutination and western-blotting. Any diagnostic method is
adequate if used in combination with the clinical picture

• Keywords: lišmanioza; klinički simptomi; dijagnoza
• Keywords (english): Leishmaniosis; clinical signs; diagnostics
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:178:772742
• Study programme: Title: Veterinary Medicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica veterinarske medicine (doktor/doktorica veterinarske medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Embargoed access; Embargo expiration date: 2026-01-01
• Created on: 2025-03-13 09:37:19