Najčešći uzroci neplodnosti krava

master's thesis

• Title (english): The Most Frequent Causes of Infertility in Cows
• Author: Hrvoje Bielen
• Mentor: Ivan Folnožić (mentor)
• Committee member: Tomislav Dobranić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Marko Samardžija (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Ivan Folnožić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; (Reproduction and Obstetrics Clinic); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2018-09-20, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Veterinary Medicine

Abstract

Cilj ovog preglednog diplomskog rada bio je prikazati najvažnije uzroke neplodnosti
krava temeljem dostupne recentne literature, zatim razjasniti razloge njihovog nastanka i
razmotriti mogućnosti smanjivanja njihove pojavnosti, a sve u cilju poboljšanja reproduktivne
učinkovitosti krava. Funkcijski poremećaji jajnika su daleko najčešći uzrok neplodnosti.
Slijede ga upalne bolesti. Uzrok funkcijskih poremećaja jajnika može biti izostajanje ciklične
aktivnosti jajnika, tiho gonjenje i ciste na jajnicima. Ne smije se zaboraviti ni na važan uzrok
stečenog steriliteta kao posljedice djelovanja: alimentarnih, nutritivnih nedostataka te
nepovoljnih životnih uvjeta i bioklimatskih činitelja. Hranidba bitno utječe na plodnost
mliječnih krava. Incidencija funkcionalnih oblika smanjene plodnosti u stalnom je porastu,
posebice zbog neujednačenoga odnosa razgradivih proteina i energije u krmi. Iako su se
prirođene nepravilnosti u razvoju spolnih organa junica smatrale rijetkim, ove se pojave sa
intenzivnom proizvodnjom mlijeka i rasplođivanjem kao uzrok jalovosti nalaze sve češće.
Prirođene nepravilnosti suzbijaju se selekcijom dok se stečene nepravilnosti u građi spolnih
organa otklanjaju najčešće operativnim zahvatom. Veliki troškovi liječenja kroničnih upalnih
stanja kao što su endometritisi, mogu se spriječiti kontrolom puerperija od 10. do 45. dana.
Liječenje cista na jajnicima započinje korekcijom prehrane, ispašom, aplikacijom selena te A
i E vitamina, nastavljajući se indukcijom ovulacije pomoću sintetičkih analoga GnRH i
umjetnim osjemenjivanjem.

Abstract (english)

The aim of this review diploma thesis is to show the most important causes of cow
infertility on the basis of available recent literature explain the reasons for their occurrence
and consider the possibilities of reducing their incidence, with the aim of improving
reproductive efficiency of cows. Functional ovarian disorders are by far the most common
cause of infertility, followed by inflammatory disease. The dysfunction of the ovaries may be
caused the absence of cyclic ovarian activity, silente heat and ovarian cysts. One must not
forget the important cause of acquired sterility as a consequence of the effects of alimentary,
nutritional deficiencies and unfavourable living conditions, and bio-climatic factors. Nutrition
has a major influence on the fertility of dairy cows. The incidence of functional forms of
reduced fertility is steadily increasing, especially due to the unbalanced relationship between
degradable proteins and feedstock energy. Although congenital abnormalities in the
development of sexual organs of heifers were considered to be rare, these are becoming more
frequent with intensive milk production and propagation as a cause of fertility. The congenital
abnormalities are eliminated by selection, while the acquired abnormalities in the structure of
the sexual organs are most often treated by surgery. High costs of treating chronic
inflammatory conditions such as endometritis can be prevented by puerperium control from
10th to 45th days. Treatment of ovarian cysts begins by correcting the diet, grazing,
application of selenium and vitamins A and E, continuing with the induction of ovulation
using a synthetic analogue of GnRH and artificial insemination

• Keywords: krava; neplodnost; reprodukcija
• Keywords (english): cow; infertility; reproduction
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:178:538929
• Study programme: Title: Veterinary Medicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica veterinarske medicine (doktor/doktorica veterinarske medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2018-12-19 09:56:35