Liječenje i prognoza izljeva u osrčje u pasa

master's thesis

• Title (english): Treatment and Prognosis of Pericardial Effusions in Dogs
• Author: Tea Dodig
• Mentor: Mirna Brkljačić (mentor)
• Mentor: Vesna Matijatko (mentor)
• Committee member: Ivana Kiš (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Vesna Matijatko (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Mirna Brkljačić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; (Internal Diseases Clinic); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2019-10-03, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Veterinary Medicine

Abstract

Izljevi u osrčje najčešća su bolest osrčja u pasa, a predstavljaju pretjerano nakupljanje tekućine u perikardijalnoj šupljini. Bolest je najčešće zabilježena u srednje velikih i velikih pasmina srednje i starije dobi. Klinčki znakovi najčešće su nespecifični, ali se provođenjem rentgenološke i/ili ehokardiografske pretrage (koja čini zlatni standard u dijagnostici ove bolesti) vrlo brzo može utvrditi izljev u osrčje. Pristup liječenju izljeva u osrčje ovisi o kliničkom stanju pacijenta, količini te etiologiji samog izljeva. Prognoza bolesti ovisi o primarnom uzroku nastanka izljeva u osrčje te o metodi liječenja, zbog čega može biti dobra do krajnje nepovoljna. Cilj ovog rada bio je istražiti učinkovitost liječenja i prognozu bolesti ovisno o etiologiji izljeva u osrčje. U istraživanje su bila uključena 73 psa s izljevom u osrčje zaprimljena i liječena u Klinici za Unutarnje bolesti Veterinarskog fakulteta u Zagrebu u razdoblju od 10,5 godina. Obzirom na etiologiju izljeva, pacijenti su bili podijeljeni u četiri skupine: 1) neoplazme, 2) idiopatski, 3) zastojno zatajivanje srca i 4) «ostali». Srčana tamponada javila se u 65,8% slučajeva, konkurentni izljevi u prsni koš i/ili abdomen javili su se u 86,3% slučajeva. Perikardiocenteza kao hitan terapijski i dijagnostički postupak provedena je kod 76,7% pasa (unutar etioloških skupina čak u 91% pasa s idiopatskim izljevom te u 86% pasa s neoplazmom), a u 30,1% pacijenata je bila ponovljena. Po stabilizaciji pacijenta, odabir daljnjeg liječenja ovisio je o uzroku izljeva u osrčje. Perikardiektomija je provedena u 15% pacijenata, dok je u ostalih provedena konzervativna terapija, a samo u jednog pacijenta je proveden kemoterapijskih protokol. Prognoza je varirala od izvrsne do izrazito nepovoljne, te je najpovoljnija (87%) bila u pasa s idiopatskim izljevom u osrčje, a najnepovoljnija u pasa s neoplazmom (60%). Vrijeme preživljavanja bilo je najduže u skupini «ostali».

Abstract (english)

Pericardial effusions are the most often pericardial disease in dogs, and represent excessive accumulation of fluid in the pericardial cavity. The disease is most often found in older, medium and large breed dogs. Clinical signs are usually nonspecific, but with radiography and/or echocardiography (which is a golden standard in the diagnostics of this disease) the effusion can be promptly diagnosed. Treatment depends on the clinical condition of the patient, volume as well as the etiology of the effusion. Prognosis of the disease depends on the primary cause, thus it can be excellent to grave. The aim of this research was to explore effectiveness of the treatment and prognosis of pericardial effusions depending on etiology. Seventy three dogs with pericardial effusion admitted and treated at the Clinic for internal diseases of Veterinary Faculty, University of Zagreb during period of 10.5 years were included in this study. Considering etiology, patients were divided in 4 groups: 1) neoplasms, 2) idiopathic, 3) congestive heart failure and 4) «other». Heart tamponade was present in 65,8% of cases while concurent effusion in thorax and/or abdomen in 86,3%. Pericardiocentesis (as an emergent and diagnostic procedure) was performed in 76,7% of dogs (considering etiological groups, in 91% of dogs with idiopathic effusion and 86% of dogs with neoplasm), and in 30,1% of the patients it was repeated. After the primary stabilization, treatment selection depended on the underlying cause of pericardial effusion. Pericardiectomy was performed in 15% of patients, while the rest were treated conservatively, with chemotherapy conducted in only one patient. Prognosis varied from excellent to grave, with the most excellent prognosis in dogs with idiopathic pericardial effusion (87%) and the most unfavourable in the group with neoplasms (60%). Survival time was the longest in the group «other».

• Keywords: izljev; osrčje; perikardiocenteza; srčana tamponada; pas
• Keywords (english): pericardial effusion; pericardiocentesis; heart tamponade; dog
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:178:803448
• Study programme: Title: Veterinary Medicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica veterinarske medicine (doktor/doktorica veterinarske medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2020-01-28 12:59:44