Tetanus u pasa

master's thesis

• Title (english): Tetanus in Dogs
• Author: Elena Ćakić
• Mentor: Suzana Hađina (mentor)
• Committee member: Josipa Habuš (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Zrinka Štritof (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Suzana Hađina (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; (Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases with Clinic); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2020-12-02, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Veterinary Medicine; Veterinary Public Health and Food Safety

Abstract

Tetanus je zarazna bolest pasa koju uzrokuje tetanus toksin bakterije C. tetani. Bolest se češće javlja u mlađih muških životinja velikih pasmina pasa. Ulazna vrata infekcije su različite ozljede koje se najčešće nalaze na šapama uprljanim zemljom ili fecesom. Inkubacija bolesti iznosi u rasponu od tri dana do tri tjedna. Klinička slika bolesti očituje se u lokaliziranom i generaliziranom obliku. Kod lokaliziranog oblika bolesti vidljiv je rigiditet ekstremiteta na kojem se nalazi ozljeda ili rana. Generalizirani oblik očituje se tipičnim kliničkim simptomima od kojih su najučestaliji sardski grč i ukočeni hod zbog izrazite krutosti mišića ekstenzora te intermitentni tonički grčevi dišne muskulature. Bolest je popraćena brojnim komplikacijama, a letalan ishod je rezultat respiratornog aresta ili poremećaja u kardiovaskularnom sustavu, s posljedičnim zastojem rada srca. Dijagnostika se temelji na detaljnjoj anamnezi i tipičnoj kliničkoj slici. Liječenje je dugotrajno s ciljem neutralizacije slobodnog toksina, sprječavanja daljnjeg umnažanja bakterije C. tetani antimikrobnim pripravcima te potpornom terapijom liječiti simptome. Prognoza i postotak preživljavanja ovisi o obliku i tijeku bolesti. Ukoliko se bolest na vrijeme prepozna i adekvatno liječi, on iznosi i do 90%. Vrijeme oporavka varira i ovisi o težini kliničke slike. Životinje se najčešće potpuno oporave kroz četiri tjedna bez trajnih neuroloških posljedica. Imunoprofilaksa tetanusa u pasa se ne provodi te se prevencija bolesti zasniva na odgovarajućoj obradi rane te racionalnoj uporabi antimikrobnih pripravaka.

Abstract (english)

Tetanus is an infectious disease in dogs caused by the tetanus toxin produced by bacterium C. tetani. The disease is more likely to occur in younger, male, large breed dogs. Portals of entry are various injuries, most commonly paw wounds contaminated with soil or feces. The incubation period of the disease ranges from three days up to three weeks. The clinical presentation of the disease is manifested in localized and generalized form. In the localized form of the disease, it will be visible rigidity of the limb on which the injury or wound is located. Generalized form is manifested by typical clinical symptoms, the most common of which are facial muscle spasm and stiff gait due to the pronounced stiffness of the extensor muscles and intermittent tonic spasms of the respiratory musculature. The disease is accompanied by a number of complications and the lethal outcome is the result of respiratory arrest or disorders of the cardiovascular system, with consequent cardiac arrest. Diagnosis is based on a detailed history and a typical clinical presentation. Treatment is long-term with the aim of neutralizing the free toxin, preventing further multiplication of bacterium C. tetani by antimicrobial medications and supportive therapy to treat symptoms. The prognosis and survival rate depends on the form and course of the disease. If the disease is recognized in time and adequately treated, it amounts to up to 90% survival rate. Recovery time varies and depends on the severity of the clinical presentation. Animals usually recover completely within four weeks without lasting neurological consequences. Immunoprophylaxis of tetanus in dogs is not carried out and the prevention of the disease is based on appropriate wound treatment and rational use of antimicrobial medications.

• Keywords: tetanus toksin; bakterija C. tetani; ozljede; lokalizirani i generalizirani oblik; dugotrajno liječenje
• Keywords (english): tetanus toxin; C.tetani; injuries; localized and generalized form; long-term treatment
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:178:084879
• Study programme: Title: Veterinary Medicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica veterinarske medicine (doktor/doktorica veterinarske medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2020-12-10 12:23:49