Pretilost u mačaka - metabolomski pristup

master's thesis

• Title (english): Metabolomic Approach to Feline Obesity
• Author: Luka Ećimović
• Mentor: Renata Barić Rafaj (mentor)
• Committee member: Ivana Kiš (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Maja Belić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Renata Barić Rafaj (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; (Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2021-02-18, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Veterinary Medicine; Basic and Preclinical Veterinary Sciences

Abstract

Veliki problem u veterinarskoj medicini danas predstavlja debljina. U istraživanju je sudjelovalo 10 mačaka sa prevelikom tjelesnom težinom, bez metaboličkih promjena i 8 mačaka sa prevelikom tjelesnom težinom i utvrđenim metaboličkim sindromom. Dobiveni rezultati uspoređeni su sa rezultatima 10 zdravih mačaka sa normalnom tjelesnom težinom. Uz rutinske hematološke i biokemijske metode, u mjerenjima je korišten spektroskop masa MS Thermo Scientific Q Exactive Plus. U istraživanim skupinama mačaka utvrđen je kompletni spektar svih razlikovnih metabolita koji se mogu indentificirati u bazama podataka korištenjem PIMP analize.
Metabolički put glicina, serina i treonina, kao i metabolički put biotina je kod mačaka sa prekomjernom težinom i pretilošću i metaboličkim sindromom suprimiran. Najnovija istraživanja ukazuju na ulogu poremećenog metabolizma glicina u razvoju T2D u pretilosti, pri čemu transkripcijski faktori ovisni o inzulinu stimuliraju sintezu enzima za razgradnju glicina, što dovodi do stanja inzulinske rezistencije. U slučajevima deficita biotina razvija se inzulinska rezistencija. Mehanizam razvoja rezistencije uključuje biotinom induciranu ekspresiju heksokinaze koja pojačava potrošnju glukoze u jetri. Biotin regulira i transkripciju inzulinskih receptora. Zbog navedenog, razmatraju se potencijalni korisni učinci suplementacije biotina kod dijabetičara i kod pretilih životinja i ljudi. Mačke sa prekomjernom težinom i pretilošću, sa metaboličkim sindromom, imaju značajno smanjeni kinurenin u odnosu na mačke normalne tjelesne težine. Kinurenini predstavljaju različiti skup metabolita koji služe kao stanična komunikacija, a imaju značajnu ulogu u sistemskom energetskom metabolizmu. Snižavanje aktivnosti ovoga puta može biti uzrokom, ali i posljedicom debljine, stoga su potrebna daljnja istraživanja o ulozi kinurenina u razvoju pretilosti kod mačaka.
Glavnu ulogu u razvoju prekomjerne težine u većini slučajeva imaju vlasnici životinja. Redukcija prekomjerene tjelesne težine kod mačaka je često neučinkovita i veliki postotak životinja ne uspijeva postići i održati idealnu tjelesnu težinu, stoga veterinari moraju provesti pravodobnu edukaciju vlasnika i poduzeti preventivne mjere u cilju održanja normalne tjelesne težine tijekom cijelog života, u cilju sprječavanja razvoja metaboličkih poremećaja i bolesti vezanih uz debljinu

Abstract (english)

Nowadays, obesity is great problem in veterinary medicine. 10 overweight cats wthout metabolic alterations and 8 overweight cats with established metabolic syndrome took part in this research. Their results were compared to those from 10 healthy cats with normal body weight. Mass spectrometry was performed on MS Thermo Scientific Q Exactive Plus along with other routine hematologic and biochemistry assays. In researched groups of cats, we established the whole spectrum of distingushing metabolites that can be identified in database using PIMP analysis. Metabolic pathways of glycine, serine, threonine and biotin are suppressed in both obese cats and in cats with metabolic syndrome. Latest researches indicate the role of glycine metabolism disorder in development of T2D related to obesity, in which insulin-dependent transcription factors stimulate enzyme synthesis for glycine degradation, which in turn results in insulin resistence. In case of biotine deficiency, insuline resistence develops. Mechanism of latter includes biotine-induced hexokinase expression which enhances up glucose consumption in liver. Biotine regulates transcription of insuline receptors as well. Because of mentioned above, some benefitial effects of biotine supplementation are being considered with diabetic patients and obese people and animals as well. Overweight cats and cats with metabolic syndrome have siginificantely decreased kynurenine to those with normal weight. Kynurenines present set of metabolites that play role in diverse cells signalization and have important role in systemic energy metabolism. Decrease of activity of kynurenine pathway can be both cause and consequence of obesity, therefore further investigations about kynurenine role in development of obesity in cats are needed. In most cases, the major role in development of overweight have owners of the animals. Losing body weight is often insufficient and large number of cats do not achieve nor keep up with their targeted body mass, therefore veterinarians are the ones that need to timely educate owners and take all preventive measures in order to maintain normal weight during whole life to prevent development of metabolic disorders and diseases associated to obesity.

• Keywords: debljina; metabolomika; mačke; metabolički sindrom
• Keywords (english): obesity; metabolomics; cat; metabolic syndrome
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:178:738784
• Study programme: Title: Veterinary Medicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica veterinarske medicine (doktor/doktorica veterinarske medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2021-03-04 11:29:22