Antimikrobni potencijal morskih organizama

master's thesis

• Title (english): Marine Organisms Antimicrobial Potential
• Author: Bruno Dvorščak
• Mentor: Jelena Šuran (mentor)
• Mentor: Josipa Vlainić (komentor)
• Committee member: Frane Božić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Andreja Prevendar-Crnić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Ozren Smolec (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2020-12-22, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Veterinary Medicine; Veterinary Public Health and Food Safety

Abstract

Suvremena medicina i javno zdravstvo trenutno su u borbi s velikim problemom antimikrobne rezistencije. Mikrobni patogeni s vremenom postaju sve više rezistentni na konvencionalne lijekove, uzrokujući pojavu zaraznih bolesti, a uz rast ljudske populacije, ovo će postati još veći problem u budućnosti. Kopneni okoliš oduvijek je bio sjajan izvor biokemijski aktivnih spojeva koji su pronašli svoju konačnu primjenu kao antimikrobni lijekovi. Većina antimikrobnih lijekova trenutno dostupnih na tržištu dobiveni su od kopnenih organizama ili su derivirani polusintetski. Porast antimikrobne rezistencije i pojava zaraznih bolesti obvezuju ljudsku vrstu da pronađe nove izvore potencijalno vrijedne biokemijske aktivnosti. Bioprospekting mora nedavno je pokazao da je vodeni okoliš obećavajući izvor kada je u pitanju traženje novih antimikrobnih sredstava, budući da je uglavnom neistražen. Morski organizmi imaju sposobnost proizvodnje različitih, jedinstvenih i biološki moćnih prirodnih proizvoda, zahvaljujući svojoj prilagodbi na ekstremne uvjete morskog staništa. Bioaktivnost otkrivena u oceanima i morima varira od antibakterijske, antivirusne, antimikotične, citostatske do antiparazitske i drugih. Američka agencija za hranu i lijekove (FDA) dosad je odobrila samo nekoliko lijekova, ali kontinuirani razvoj tehnologija za podvodno istraživanje, zajedno s novim mogućnostima kultivacije morskih organizama i molekularnim inženjeringom, zasigurno će povećati naše šanse za pronalazak novih morskih lijekova.

Abstract (english)

Contemporary medicine and field of public health are currently battling a great problem of antimicrobial resistance. Microbial pathogens are gradually becoming more resistant to conventional pharmaceuticals, generating an emergence of infectious diseases, and with human population growth, this will be even bigger problem in the future. Terrestrial environment has been a great source of biochemically active compounds that eventually found their usage as antimicrobial drugs. Most of the antimicrobials currently available on the market, were obtained from terrestrial organisms or derived semisynthetically. Rise of the antimicrobial resistance and emerge of infectious diseases oblige human kind to find new sources of potentially valuable biochemical activity. Marine bioprospecting has recently shown that aquatic environment is a promising source when it comes to screening for antimicrobials, since it has been mostly unexplored. Marine organisms possess the capacity to produce a variety of unique and biologically potent natural products, due to their adaptation to extreme conditions of marine habitat. Bioactivity found in oceans and seas varies from antibacterial, antiviral, antimycotic, cytostatic to antiparasitic and other. By far, only a few drugs have been approved by the US-FDA, but continuous development of underwater exploring technologies, together with novel marine organism cultivation possibilities and molecular engineering will surely increase our odds of finding new marine drugs.

• Keywords: antimikrobna rezistencija; bioprospekting; morski organizmi; bioaktivnost; prirodni proizvodi
• Keywords (english): antimicrobial resistance; bioprospecting; marine organisms; bioactivity; natural products
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:178:778213
• Study programme: Title: Veterinary Medicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica veterinarske medicine (doktor/doktorica veterinarske medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2021-03-22 12:47:48