Prevalencija i polimorfizam S gena psećeg koronavirusa u Hrvatskoj

master's thesis

• Author: Adela Jureša
• Mentor: Vladimir Stevanović (mentor)
• Committee member: Vilim Starešina (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Josipa Habuš (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Vladimir Stevanović (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Suzana Hađina (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2018-06-14, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Veterinary Medicine; Veterinary Public Health and Food Safety

Abstract

Pseći koronavirus prvi puta je opisan 1971. godine u Njemačkoj međutim opsežnija istraživanja životinjskih, pa tako i psećih, koronavirusa počinje tek nakon pojave SARS-a zbog spoznaje da većina ako ne i svi ljudski koronavirusi potječu od koronavirusa životinja. Sustavna istraživanja o proširenosti, epizootiologiji, genetičkoj raznolikosti kao i o kliničkom očitovanju infekcije koronavirusima u pasa na području RH nedostaju.
Istraživanjem je obuhvaćen 391 pas zaprimljenih na Kliniku za zarazne bolesti Zavoda za mikrobiologiju i zarazne bolesti s klinikom Veterinarskog fakulteta Sveučilišta u Zagrebu, u razdoblju od 1. siječnja 2015. Do 1. kolovoza 2018. godine. Psi su pokazivali kliničke znakove akutnog gastroenteritisa, te su im uzorkovani obrisci rektuma za dokaz psećeg koronavirusa metodom lančane reakcije polimerazom. Za statističku obradu prikupljeni su podaci o nacionalu, anamnezi, kliničkoj slici, tijeku i ishodu liječenja.
Dobiveni rezultati, potvrdili su prevalenciju koronavirusnih infekcija od 35,81%, što govori u prilog slične distribucije virusa s ostalim zemljama Europe. No značajniji nalaz bio je dokaz cirkulacije CCoV IIa soja među inficiranim psima koji su izrazito virulentni, nastali mutacijama na S proteinu, te su nazvani pantropni sojevi.
Također važan podatak u epidemiološkom smislu je povećan broj inficiranih životinja mlađe dobi, koji proporcionalno pada sa starošću, što odgovara već uvriježenom mišljenju da su virusni gastroenteritisa bolesti mladih životinja. Populacija pasa u skloništima za životinje pokazivala je povećan rizik od infekcije zbog specifičnih uvjeta smještaja, i povećanu učestalost oboljelih životinja, u odnosu na one u privatnom vlasništvu.
Što se tiče kliničkog očitovanja infekcije statistička značajnost dokazana je samo u slučajevima krvavog proljeva, povraćanja i znacima oboljenja dišnog sustava, međutim nije bilo moguće uočiti niti izdvojiti specifičan klinički znak koji bi neosporno mogao potvrditi infekciju baš tim virusom. Po drugoj strani infekcija koronavirusima je produljila vrijeme hospitalizacije kod infekcija drugim virusnim patogenima probavnog sustava pasa što znatno povećava troškove liječenja. Ovo dodatno naglašava potrebu za dodatnim metodama za dokaz koronavirusnih infekcija u terenskim uvjetima.

Abstract (english)

Canine coronavirus was first described during an outbreak in 1971. in Germany, however , more extensive research of animal and even canine coronaviruses begin only after the emergence of SARS due to recent elucidations that most if not all human coronaviruses seem to originate from animal coronaviruses. Comprehensive research on the prevalence, epizootiology, genetic diversity as well as the clinical manifestations of infection coronavirus of dogs in Croatia are missing. The study included 391 dogs gathered from the Clinic for Infectious Diseases of the Institute of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases at the Clinic of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, in the period from January the first 2015 to October the first 2018. Dogs showed clinical signs of acute gastroenteritis, so rectal swabs from affected dogs were taken, and polymerase chain reaction method was used to diagnose the presence of the canine coronavirus. For statistical data analysis, age, breed and sex of dogs were collected, as well as, anamnesis, clinical findings, course and treatment outcome. Results of seroprevalence studies confirmed the prevalence of coronavirus infections of 35.81%, which is in favor of a similar distribution of viruses within other countries of Europe. More striking finding was evidence of CCoV II a strain circulating among infected dogs, such strains, highly virulent, formed by S gene mutations, are called pantropic strains. Coronavirus is widespread in the dog population however, increased number of infected animals were pups younger than 4 months, which is in line with the comprehension that viral gastroenteritis is a disease of young animals. The highest prevalence rates of infection are found in kenneled dogs, the risk of infection increased due to specific accommodation conditions, also this population showed an increased incidence of diseased animals compared to those in private ownership. Although statistical significance has been demonstrated only in cases of bloody

• Keywords: Prevalencija; polimorfizam S gena; pseći koronavirus; Hrvatska; epizootiologija
• Keywords (english): Prevalence; gene polymorphism; canine corona virus; Croatia; epizootiology
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:178:565221
• Study programme: Title: Veterinary Medicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica veterinarske medicine (doktor/doktorica veterinarske medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2021-06-29 08:09:20