| Sažetak | Ovaj rad istražuje patološke aspekte kroničnog zatajenja bubrega (KZB) u mačaka.
KZB predstavlja progresivno i ireverzibilno strukturno i funkcionalno oštećenje jednog ili oba
bubrega koje je prisutno dulje od tri mjeseca. Oštećenjem dolazi do gubitka funkcionalnosti
samog bubrega što dovodi do nakupljanja toksičnih tvari u organizma te nastanka patoloških
promjena na ostalim organima. Do razvoja ove bolesti mogu dovesti razni čimbenici kao što
su starost, prehrana, spol i pasmina te razne kongenitalne i stečene bolesti.
S obzirom da je to vrlo progresivna bolest, smatra se da nekolicina čimbenika
potpomaže samoj progresije ove bolesti, kao što su fosfor u prehrani, anemija, sistemska
hipertenzija, intraglomerularna hipertenzija te hiposkija i ishemija. Najčešće histološke
značajke ove bolesti su tubulointersticijska upala, tubularna atrofija, glomeruloskleroza te
fibroza koja predstavlja završnu fazu reparacije. Također dolazi do razvoja azotemije i uremije
te do nastanka ekstrarenalnih lezija. Lezije se najčešće razvijaju u gastrointestinalnom,
kardiovaskularnom, respiratornom te koštanom sustavu.
Metoda korištena u radu temelji se na sustavnom pregledu stručne literature, s ciljem
prikaza većine saznanja o ovoj bolesti. Zaključeno je da rana dijagnoza, zajedno s
pravovremenom intervencijom, može značajno poboljšati ishode liječenja, smanjiti
komplikacije i produljiti životni vijek oboljelih mačaka. |
| Sažetak (engleski) | This paper explores the pathological aspects of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in cats.
CKD represents a progressive and irreversible structural and functional damage to one or both
kidneys that has been present for more than three months. This damage leads to the loss of
kidney function, resulting in the accumulation of toxic substances in the body and the
development of pathological changes in other organs. Different factors can contribute to the
development of this disease, including age, diet, sex, breed, and both congenital and acquired
illnesses.
Since this is a highly progressive disease, several factors are thought to speed up its
progression, such as phosphorus in food, anemia, systemic hypertension, intraglomerular
hypertension, hypoxia, and ischemia. The most common histological features of this disease
include tubulointerstitial inflammation, tubular atrophy, glomerulosclerosis and fibrosis, which
represents the final stage of tissue repair. Additionally, azotemia and uremia develop, along
with extrarenal lesions. These lesions most often affect the gastrointestinal, cardiovascular,
respiratory, and skeletal systems.
The method used in this paper is based on a systematic review of scientific literature,
with the aim of presenting the majority of knowledge about this disease. It is concluded that
early diagnosis, along with timely intervention, can significantly improve treatment outcomes,
reduce complications, and extend the lifespan of affected cats. |
