| Sažetak | U ovom radu obrađene su najčešće kliničke bolesti kolona u pasa. Uz to, detaljno je i obrađena endoskopska dijagnostika tih bolesti kao i druge metode dijagnostike. Obrađene su: akutni kolitis, bakterijske, virusne i parazitarne infekcije, upalna bolest crijeva, sindrom iritabilnog crijeva, intususcepcija, začep te neoplazije kolona. Prikazane su njihova etiologija, klinički pregled, dijagnostika sa endoskopijom, prognoza te mogućnosti liječenja. Također je prikazana i anatomija debelog crijeva, te je pojašnjena njegova fiziologija. Većina ovih bolesti i poremećaja, ako su prepoznati na vrijeme, može se uspješno liječiti. Dijagnostika bolesti kolona temelji se na detaljnoj anamnezi, kliničkoj slici, laboratorijskim pretragama krvi, slikovnoj dijagnostici, rendgenološka snimanja nativno ili sa kontrastom, CT pretraga i ultrazvučna pretraga abdomena) te endoskopskoj pretrazi sa biopsijom i patohistološkom pretragom. U neizostavni dio dijagnostike bolesti kolona ubrajamo i pretrage stolice na parazite, a ponekad i bakteriološku pretragu te pretragu na bakterijske toksine
Način liječenja i izbor lijekova ovisi o osnovnoj bolesti kolona, ovisno o dijagnozi i težino bolesti može uključivati simptomatsku terapiju, dijetalnu prehranu, probiotike antiparazitike, antimikrobne lijekove te protuupalne i imunosuspresivne lijekove. U slučaju neoplazija, terapija se temelji na kirurškoj eksciziji tumora i citostatskom protokolu.
Prognoza za većinu akutnih, pa i neke kronične bolesti kolona je dobra, dok je za teže kronične bolesti loša ili nepredvidljiva, posebice kada su u pitanju teški slučajevi upalne bolesti crijeva ili neoplazije. |
| Sažetak (engleski) | This thesis deals with most common clinically manifested diseases of the colon in dogs.
Besides that, this thesis deal also with the endoscopic diagnostics of those upper mentioned
diseases, as well with other types of diagnostics. Most common diseases of colon are: accute
colitis, infectious diseases (bacterial, viral and parasitic), inflammatory bowel disease, irritable
bowel syndrome, coprostasis, intussusception and tumors. Their etiology, clinical examination,
diagnostics with endoscopy, prognosis and treatment possibilities are well presented in this
thesis. Most of these disorders and illnesses can be treated very successfully if noticed on time.
The diagnosis of colon diseases is based on a detailed history, clinical axamination,
laboratory blood tests, X-ray (native or contrast), CT and ultrasound examination of the
abdomen and endoscopic examination with biopsy and pathohistological examination. An
essential part of the diagnosis of colon disease includes stool tests for parasites, and
sometimes bacteriological tests and tests for bacterial toxins.
The method of treatment and choice of drugs depends on the underlying disease of the
colon. Depending on the diagnosis and severity of the disease it may include symptomatic
therapy, diet, probiotics, antiparasitic drugs, antimicrobial drugs and anti-inflammatory and
immunosuppressive drugs. In the case of neoplasia, therapy is based on surgical excision of
the tumor and cytostatic protocols.
The prognosis for most acute and even some chronic colon diseases is good, while for
more severe chronic diseases it is poor or unpredictable, especially when it comes to more
severe cases of inflammatory bowel disease or neoplasia. |
