Title Smjeli vukovi - novi izazov za očuvanje i upravljanje vukovima Title (english) Bold Wolves - a New Challenge for Wolf Conservation and Management Author Marija Perković Mentor Josip Kusak (mentor)Committee member Tomislav Gomerčić (predsjednik povjerenstva)Committee member Josip Kusak (član povjerenstva)Committee member Dean Konjević (član povjerenstva)Granter University of Zagreb Defense date and country 2025-03-07, Croatia Scientific / art field, BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE Abstract Vuk (Canis lupus) jedna je od najproučavanijih divljih vrsta, a njegova populacija u
Europi posljednjih desetljeća doživljava oporavak zahvaljujući zakonskoj zaštiti i promjenama
u korištenju zemljišta. Unatoč tome, povećana prisutnost vukova u blizini ljudskih naselja
donosi nove izazove u upravljanju populacijom, posebice kada pojedine jedinke razviju tzv.
smjelo ponašanje. Smjeli vukovi su jedinke koje pokazuju smanjeni strah od ljudi, često im se
približavajući na manje od 30 metara. Ovaj fenomen sve je češći u Europi, uključujući
Hrvatsku, gdje se vukovi povremeno pojavljuju u blizini naselja, farmi i prometnica. Smjelo
ponašanje rezultat je nekoliko ključnih čimbenika: navikavanje i pozitivno uvjetovanje od
strane ljudi, psi i ostale domaće životinje, naivnosti mladih jedinki te hibridizacije s domaćim
psima. Navikavanje se događa kada vukovi kroz ponavljane susrete s ljudima bez negativnih
posljedica izgube strah od ljudi. Pozitivno uvjetovanje uključuje povezivanje ljudi s
dostupnošću hrane, bilo kroz nepropisno odlaganje otpada, namjerno hranjenje ili nedovoljno
zaštićenu stoku. Naivnost mladih jedinki čini ih sklonijima istraživanju i bliskim susretima s
ljudima, osobito ako prethodno nisu imali negativnih iskustava. Hibridizacija s domaćim psima
može pridonijeti smjelijem ponašanju križanaca, koji su manje oprezni u prisutnosti ljudi.
Smjeli vukovi predstavljaju izazov u očuvanju i upravljanju populacijom. Njihova prisutnost u
blizini naselja može izazvati strah, povećati netrpeljivost prema vukovima i potaknuti ilegalni
odstrjel. Također, veći broj napada na stoku i kućne ljubimce može dovesti do sukoba između
ljudi i vukova. Kako bi se smanjio broj smjelih vukova, ključne su sljedeće mjere: smanjenje
dostupnosti hrane u blizini naselja pravilnim gospodarenjem otpadom i zaštitom stoke,
edukacija javnosti o ponašanju vukova i načinima smanjenja sukoba te pravna regulacija u
slučajevima izrazito smjelih jedinki koje predstavljaju potencijalnu prijetnju. Smjelo ponašanje
vukova složen je izazov koji zahtijeva integrirani pristup utemeljen na znanstvenim
istraživanjima i učinkovitim upravljačkim strategijama. Razumijevanje uzroka smjelosti te
primjena odgovarajućih mjera može pomoći u očuvanju vukova i smanjenju konflikta s ljudima,
osiguravajući dugoročan suživot ove vrste s ljudskom zajednicom
Abstract (english) Wolves (Canis lupus) are one of the most studied wild species. In the last few decades
their population has experienced recovery all across Europe thanks to legal protections and
changes in land use. Nevertheless, increased wolf presence near human settlements presents
new challenges in managing their population, especially when individuals of the species
develop bold behavior. Bold wolves are individuals that show little to no fear of people, often
getting as close as 30 meters or less. This phenomenon is becoming more and more common
across Europe, including Croatia, where wolves occasionally appear near settlements, farms
and roadways. This bold behavior is the result of a few key factors: habituation and positive
conditioning by humans, dogs and livestock, naivety of young individuals and hybridization
with domestic dogs. Habituation happens when wolves lose the fear of people through repeated
encounters with them without any negative consequences. Positive conditioning includes
associating humans with the availability of food whether through improper disposal of waste,
intentional feeding, or inadequately protected livestock. Naivety of young individuals makes
them prone to exploration and close encounters with people, especially if they didn't have any
negative experiences with them prior to that. Hybridization with domestic dogs can contribute
to bolder behavior in hybrids, making them less cautious in the presence of humans. Bold
wolves present a challenge in preserving and managing the population. Their presence close to
settlements can cause fear, increase intolerance towards wolves and encourage illegal hunting.
Increase in number of attacks on livestock and pets also leads to conflicts between people and
wolves. To lower the number of bold wolves, here are some very important measures:
decreasing the availability of food near settlements with proper waste management and
livestock protection, education of the public about wolf behaviors along with ways to decrease
conflicts and legal regulations in cases of extremely bold individuals that pose a potential threat.
Bold wolf behavior is a complex challenge that requires an integrated approach based on
scientific research and effective management strategies. Understanding the cause of boldness
and use of adequate measures can help in wolf conservation and lowering the number of
conflicts with people insuring long and prosperous coexistence of their species and humans.
Keywords
vukovi
smjeli vukovi
hibridizacija
upravljanje populacijom vukova
sukob vuka i čovjeka
Keywords (english)
wolves
bold wolves
hybridization
wolves population management
wolf human conflict
Language croatian URN:NBN urn:nbn:hr:178:910417 Study programme Title: Veterinary Medicine Type of resource Text File origin Born digital Access conditions Open access Terms of use Created on 2025-03-13 13:36:40
