Patofiziologija hormonskih poremećaja u domaćih tvorova

master's thesis

• Title (english): Pathophysiology of Endocrine Diseases in Domestic Ferrets
• Author: Ivana Lovrić
• Mentor: Maja Belić (mentor)
• Mentor: Romana Turk (mentor)
• Committee member: Mirna Robić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Romana Turk (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Maja Belić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; (Department of Pathophysiology); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2017-10-02, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Veterinary Medicine

Abstract

Tvorovi su domesticirane životinje. Njihovi divlji preci su najvjerojatnije europski i stepski tvor. Iako tvor nije za svakoga, mogu biti dobri kućni ljubimci za pravog vlasnika. Nježni su i vežu se za svoje vlasnike, većinu dana su tihi ali i vrlo razigrani. Životini vijek im je oko šest godina ali ukoliko se o njima vodi briga, mogu dosegnuti i deset godina starosti.
Hormonski poremećaji su među najčešćim bolestima koje pogađaju tvorove. Tumori Langerhansovih otočića gušterače, poznati kao inzulinomi i tumori nadbubrežne žlijezde, stanje koje se opisuje kao hiperadrenokorticizam, su češće opisani u tvorova nego u bilo koje druge životinjske vrste. Inzulinomi su tumori koji proizvode inzulin koji uzrokuju hipoglikemiju te karakteristične kliničke znakove kao što su povraćanje, mučnina, slabost stražnjih nogu, staklasti pogled i/ili koma. Vizualizcija tumora je vrlo teška zbog njihove izrazito male veličine te se pri dijagnosticiranju služi mjerenjem koncentracije glukoze u krvi. Ovo stanje može se liječiti kirurški i/ili medikamentoznom terapijom.
Kako se usprkos liječenju vrlo često pojavljuju novi inzulinomi, prosječno vrijeme preživljavanja je oko godinu dana. Bolest nadbubrežne žlijezde je često stanje koje također pogađa ovu vrstu životinja. Karakterističan klinički znak ove bolesti su bilateralna alopecija koja započinje na repu te napreduje prema kranijalnom dijelu tijela, povećanje vulve u ženki tvora te pruritus s eritemom. Za postavljanje dijagnoze korisno je služiti se kombinacijom ultrazvuka, mjerenja koncentracije hormona te pretragama krvi. Vrlo dobra prognoza se može očekivati ukoliko se oboljela životinja podvrgne kirurškom zahvatu uklanjanja tumora. Uspješnost medikamentoznog liječenja, ukoliko se ono provodi (mitotan), daje vrlo nedosljedne rezultate.

Abstract (english)

Ferrets are domesticated animals. Their most likely wild ancestors are the European polecat and the Steppe polecat. While ferrets are not for everyone, they can make great pets for the right owner. They are affectionate and bond to their owners, quiet for a large part of the day and playful. If well taken care of, healthy ferrets can live up to 10 years of age. However, their average lifespan is approximately 6 years. Endocrine diseases are among the most commonly diseases affecting ferrets. Tumours of the islet cells in the pancreas, known as insulinomas, and tumours of the adrenal glands known as hyperadrenocorticism are more often described in this species than in any other species. Insulinomas are insulin-producing tumours which cause hypoglycaemia and characteristic clinical signs, such as vomiting, nausea, weakness of the hind limbs, a glazed look in the eyes and/or coma. Because of their small size, visualisation of insulinomas is often difficult, rendering measurement of blood glucose as the primary diagnostic tool. The condition can be managed both surgically and medically. Due to the appearance of new islet cell tumours, the average survival is approximately one year. Adrenal disease is a very common condition in these animals as well. The classic signs include bilateral alopecia beginning at the tail and progressing cranially, vulvar enlargement in female ferrets and possibly pruritus with erythema. Imaging diagnostics, hormonal assays, and general blood values are all useful in establishing a diagnosis when combined. A good prognosis for recovery can be expected after undergoing a surgical excision of the diseased gland. When medical treatment (mitotane) is used, results are variable at best.

• Keywords: inzulinom; hipoglikemija; hiperadrenokorticizam; nadbubrežna žlijezda; tvorovi
• Keywords (english): insulinoma; hypoglycaemia; hyperadrenocorticism; adrenal gland; ferrets
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:178:847680
• Study programme: Title: Veterinary Medicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica veterinarske medicine (doktor/doktorica veterinarske medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2018-07-25 06:33:08