| Abstract | Rotavirusi, a posebno vrsta Rotavirus A(RVA), široko su rasprostranjeni uzročnici crijevnih infekcija iz porodice Reoviridae. Iako se javljaju u različitih vrsta sisavaca i ptica, najznačajniji problem predstavljaju u intenzivnom uzgoju mlađih dobnih kategorija goveda i svinja, a primarni su uzrok i akutnog proljeva u djece do pet godina starosti. Rotavirusi pripadaju porodici virusa s dvolančanim i segmentiranim RNA genomom (Reoviridae) koji ponekad uvjetuje pojavu genomskog preslagivanja između humanih i životinjskih sojeva RVA, a time i nastanak novih emergentnih sojeva. Cilj ovog istraživanja je bio utvrditi prisutnost i proširenost rotavirusa A u različitih vrsta životinja, ljudi i okolišu na jednoj mikrolokaciji, u sklopu obiteljskog poljoprivrednog gospodarstva u Sisačko-moslavačkoj županiji. Tijekom istraživanja uzorkovano je ukupno 117 uzoraka goveđih, ovčjih, svinjskih, magarećih, konjskih, psećih i mačjih fecesa; devet uzoraka fecesa ljudi i tri uzorka vode. Metodom RT-PCR u stvarnom vremenu prisustvo RVA utvrđeno je u ukupno 21 uzorku (16,28%); 20 uzoraka fecesa životinja i jednom uzorku površinske vode. Distribucija pozitivnih uzoraka po vrstama značajno se razlikovala. Tako su pozitivni uzorci utvrđeni u 42,3% (11/26) pretraženih goveda, 30,8% (8/26) svinja te 14,3% (1/7) mačaka. Kod teladi u predtovu prevalencija RVA bila je izrazito visoka, čak 61,11% (11/18). U pretraživanom uzgoju ustanovljen je visok stupanj subkliničke infekcije, prevalencija infekcije RVA kod životinja bez proljeva iznosi 37,5% kod goveda i 30,8% kod svinja. Potrebna su daljnja istraživanja na većem broju uzoraka unutar kategorija pojedinih vrsta, sa šireg geografskog područja uz obaveznu genotipizaciju i utvrđivanje molekularnih značajki cijelog genoma različitih sojeva RVA. Jedino tako ćemo u skladu s načelom „Jedno zdravlje“ moći procjeniti njihov zoonotski potencijal. |
| Abstract (english) | Rotaviruses, and in particular the species Rotavirus A (RVA), are widespread agents of intestinal infections. Although they occur in different mammalian and bird species, they are the most significant problem in the intensive rearing of calves and piglets, and are the primary cause of acute diarrhea in children up to five years of age. Rotaviruses belong to a family of viruses with the double-stranded and segmented RNA genome (Reoviridae), which sometimes causes the genomic rearrangement between human and animal RVA strains, and thus the emergence of new strains. The aim of this study was to determine the presence and prevalence of rotavirus A in different species of animals, humans and the environment at one microlocation within a family farm in Sisak-Moslavina County. During the study; a total of 117 samples of beef, sheep, pig, donkey, horse, dog and cat faeces were sampled, as well as nine samples of human feces o and three samples of water. Real-time RT-PCR detected a total of 21 positive samples (16.28%).The distribution of positive samples varied significantly; 42.3% (11/26) of cattle samples, 30.8% (8/26) of pig samples and 14.3% (1/7) of feline samples presented positive results for RVA. In pre-fattening calves the prevalence of RVA was extremely high - 61.11% (11/18). A high rate of subclinical infection was also found on this farm; the prevalence of RVA infection in animals without diarrhea was 37.5% in cattle and 30.8% in pigs. Further research that will include larger number of samples within the categories of particular species, from a wider geographical area, as well as with the obligatory genotyping and molecular characterization of the whole genome of different RVA strains is needed. Only in this way will we be able to assess zoonotic potential of RVA in accordance with the principle of "One Health". |
