PROSTORNO-VREMENSKA ANALIZA METASTRONGILOZE DIVLJIH SVINJA

master's thesis

• Title (english): SPATIO-TEMPORAL ANALYSIS OF METASTRONGYLOSIS IN WILD BOARS
• Author: Ana Orlović
• Mentor: Dean Konjević (mentor)
• Mentor: Miljenko Bujanić (mentor)
• Committee member: Magda Sindičić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Dean Konjević (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Miljenko Bujanić (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Zdravko Janicki (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2022-12, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Veterinary Medicine; Veterinary Public Health and Food Safety

Abstract

Metastrongiloza divljih svinja je invazijska bolest uzrokovana plućnim vlascima iz porodice
Metastrongylidae i roda Metastrongylus kojega čini šest vrsta: M. pudenodotectus, M. apri
(elongatus), M. confusus, M. salmi, M. asymetricus i M. madagascariensis. U pravilu invazija
divljih svinja prolazi bez kliničkih znakova bolesti, osim iznimno u slučaju prasadi te jedinki iz
gaterskog uzgoja. Pretpostavka ovoga istraživanja je da će se s obzirom na veličinu dostupnog
uzorka, kao i različite klimatske uvjete u pojedinim godinama razlikovati i prevalencija u divljih
svinja prema revirima zaštite prirode. Ukupno je prikupljeno 416 uzoraka izmeta i pluća divljih
svinja. Uzorci izmeta pregledani su metodom flotacije pomoću otopine MgSO4 (specifične težine
1,2). Pronađeni oblići su izdvojeni i promatrani pod mikroskopom. Prostorna analiza je provedena
u programu ArcGIS 9.3, a statistička obrada u programu MedCalc. Ukupna prevalencija
invadiranih grla iznosila je 44,4 %. Prostorno nisu utvrđene statistički znakovite razlike u
invadiranosti među revirima zaštite prirode što ukazuje na cjelovitost promatranog područja.
Konkretnije povećanje prevalencije utvrđeno je u posljednjim sezonama u revirima 1 i 5.
Usporedbom prema sezonama utvrđeno je statistički znakovito sniženje prevalencije u sezonama
2017./2018. i 2018./2019., dok je u sezoni 2021./2022. utvrđena statistički znakovito viša
prevalencija. Najviše vrijednosti OR utvrđene usporedbom lovne sezone 2021./2022. sa sezonama
2017./2018. (OR=6,298; CI 95% 2,597-15,27; p<0,0001) i 2018./2019. (OR=6,590; CI 95% 2,900-
14,97; p<0,0001). Prema dostupnoj literaturi ovo je jedno od prvih takvih istraživanja na divljim
svinjama. Rezultati ukazuju na varijacije u broju uzoraka tijekom sezona kao i prema pojedinim
revirima što ima za posljedicu i pogrešku u procjeni prevalencije. Zbog navedenih razloga
naglašava se potreba višegodišnjeg monitoringa s ciljem smanjenja greške ovisne o tipu
uzorkovanja i veličini uzorka, te stjecanja pouzdanijih podataka o prisutnosti uzročnika u
populaciji. Blizina područja i ujednačenost okolišnih i klimatskih čimbenika rezultat je male
varijabilnosti među sezonama (izuzev dvije) i poglavito među revirima.

Abstract (english)

Metastrongylosis is an invasive disease of wild boars caused by lungworms from the family
Metastrongylidae and the genus Metastrongylus, including six species: M. pudenodotectus, M. apri
(elongatus), M. confusus, M. salmi, M. asymetricus and M. madagascariensis. Generally, infection
is latent in wild boar, except occasionally in animals from fenced breeding. The hypothesis is that
prevalence will differ according to nature protection areas in relation to the sample size and climatic
conditions. A total of 416 samples of faeces and lungs of wild boars were collected. Faecal samples
were examined by the flotation method (MgSO4 specific gravity 1.2). Collected parasites were
analysed under a microscope. Spatial analysis was performed in the ArcGIS 9.3 program, and
statistical analysis in the MedCalc program. The total prevalence was 44.4%. Spatially, there were
no significant differences in prevalence among the nature protection areas, indicating their
uniformity. A more concrete increase in prevalence was found in the last seasons in areas 1 and 5.
A comparison by season showed a significant decrease in prevalence in the 2017/2018 and
2018/2019, while statistically higher prevalence was observed in the 2021/2022 season. Highest
OR values were obtained by comparing the hunting season 2021/2022 with the 2017/2018
(OR=6.298; CI 95% 2.597-15.27; p<0.0001) and 2018/2019 season (OR=6.590; CI 95% 2.900-
14.97; p<0.0001). According to the available literature, this is one of the first such studies on wild
boars. The results indicate variations in the number of samples during the seasons as well as
according to the individual areas, which leads to bias in the prevalence estimation. Therefore, the
need for prolonged monitoring is emphasized to reduce potential sampling bias, and to obtain more
reliable data on the presence of pathogen in the population. The proximity of the area and
uniformity of ecological factors results in low variability between seasons and regions.

• Keywords: divlja svinja; metastrongiloza; Medvednica; prostorno-vremenska analiza
• Keywords (english): wild boar; metastrongylosis; Medvednica; spatio-temporal analysis
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:178:210101
• Study programme: Title: Veterinary Medicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica veterinarske medicine (doktor/doktorica veterinarske medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2023-01-12 11:08:20