Novije spoznaje o tehnologiji uzgoja tune (Thunnus Thynnus) - mogućnost umjetnog mrijesta

master's thesis

• Title (english): New Insights into the Technology of Atlantic Tuna (Thunnus Thynnus) Farming - Artifical Spawning
• Author: Ivan Ćurić
• Mentor: Krešimir Matanović (mentor)
• Committee member: Emil Gjurčević (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Snježana Kužir (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Krešimir Matanović (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; (Department for Biology and Pathology of Fish and Bees); Zagreb
• Defense date and country: 2019-09-27, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE; Veterinary Medicine; Animal Production and Biotechnology

Abstract

Tuna (Thunnus thynnus) najveći je pripadnik porodice Scombridae. Može doseći masu veću od 700 kg I duljinu veću od 3 metra. Izuzetno je dobar plivač I može plivati brzinom I do 90km/h. Obitava u Atlantskom oceanu, a Međunarodna komisija za očuvanje atlantskih tuna (ICCAT) populaciju dijeli na zapadnu, koja se mrijesti u Meksičkom zaljevu, i na istočnu, koja se mrijesti u Sredozemnom moru. Zbog velikog tržišnog interesa lovi se I uzgaja u posebno dizajniranim mrežnim kavezima na određenim koncesijskim površinama. Hrvatskoj je dozvoljen izlov manjih jedinki težine najmanje 8 kg s uzgojnim procesom koji traje do 2 godine, dok je drugim državama dozvoljen izlov jedinki težih od 30 kg u svrhu tova, s uzgojnim procesom do 7 mjeseci. Izlovne kvote regulira ICCAT. Tehnologija uzgoja zasniva se na tovu izlovljene mlađi podrijetlom iz prirodnih populacija. Najčešća I najsigurnija metoda lova je mreža tunolovkama. Takav način uzgoja zahtijeva opskrbu sitnom plavom ribom kojom se tuna hrani. Umjetnim mrijestom i uzgojem ličinki I mlađi tune mogla bi se smanjiti ovisnost o prirodnim populacijama. Da bi takav način uzgoja mogao davati potrebnu tržišnu količinu potrebno je u potpunosti zaokružiti životni ciklus tune u zatočeništvu, što podrazumijeva uzgoj matica, indukciju mrijesta, prikupljanje i inkubaciju oplođene ikre, uzgoj ličinki I mlađi te uzgoj do konzumne veličine. Uz umjetni mrijest, znanstvenici također rade I na razvoju zamjenske, odnosno gotove paletirane hrani koja bi zamijenjila sadašnji način hranjenja tuna u uzgoju.

Abstract (english)

Atlantic tuna (Thunnus thynnus) is the largest member of the Scombridae family. It can reach over 700 kg weight and over 3 m in length. It lives in the Atlantic Ocean and it is divided by International Commission for the Conservation of Atlantic Tunas (ICCAT) on the western stock spawning in the Gulf of Mexico and on the eastern stock spawning in the Mediterranean Sea. Due to the high market interest, it is harvested and grown in specially designed net cages on certain concession areas. Croatia is allowed to fish for smaller individuals weighing at least 8 kg with a breeding process lasting up to 2 years, while other countries are allowed to catch larger individuals over 30 kg for fattening purpose, with a breeding process of up to 7 months. Fishing quotas are regulated by ICCAT. The breading technology is based on the fattening of juveniles originating from natural populations. The most common method of fishing is using purse seine nets. Capture based aquaculture requires the supply of smaller oily fish for tuna feeding. Artificial spawning and rearing of larvae and fingerlings could reduce dependence on natural populations. In order for this type of farming to provide the necessary market quantity, it is necessary to completely close the life cycle of the tuna and maintain the required number of individuals. In addition to artificial spawning, scientists are also working on alternative or pelleted feed that could replace the current way of feeding of farmed tuna.

• Keywords: tuna; ICCAT; izlov; uzgoj tuna; umjetni mrijest
• Keywords (english): Atlantic tuna; ICCAT; fishing; tuna farming; artificial spawning
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:178:605999
• Study programme: Title: Veterinary Medicine; Study programme type: university; Study level: integrated undergraduate and graduate; Academic / professional title: doktor/doktorica veterinarske medicine (doktor/doktorica veterinarske medicine)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access; Embargo expiration date: 2021-10-01
• Created on: 2020-11-20 09:16:14