Title MORFOMETRIJA PAPAKA I USPOREDBA RADIOLOŠKI DIJAGNOSTICIRANIH PATOLOŠKIH PROMJENA PAPAKA U RASPLODNIH BIKOVA SIMENTALSKE PASMINE Title (english) HOOF MORPHOMETRICS AND A COMPARISON OF RADIOGRAPHICALLY DIAGNOSED PATHOLOGICAL HOOF VARIATION IN SIMMENTAL STUD BULLS Author Hrvoje Capak Mentor Berislav Radišić (mentor)Committee member Vladimir Butković (predsjednik povjerenstva)Committee member Josip Kos (član povjerenstva)Committee member Dražen Đuričić (član povjerenstva)Granter University of Zagreb Defense date and country 2021, Croatia Scientific / art field, BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE Universal decimal classificationUDC ) 61 - Medical sciences Abstract Funkcionalna korekcija papaka rutinski je postupak nužan za očuvanje zdravlja papaka goveda. Dimenzije papaka rasplodnih bikova kao standardna mjera u funkcionalnoj korekciji papaka dosada nisu poznate.
Na uzorku od 30 rasplodnih bikova simentalske pasmine utvrđivane su standardne mjere papaka nakon funkcionalne korekcije. Osnovne mjere papaka uključuju dužinu papka, visinu papka, visinu pete, dijagonalu papka i širinu papka. Rendgenskim snimanjem regije prstiju rasplodnih bikova bez kliničkih znakova bolesti određena je pojavnost, učestalost i distribucija slučajnih nalaza rendgenoloških promjena na prstima.
Mjere papaka rasplodnih bikova značajno variraju od dosad poznatih mjera za papke krava te je nužno prilagoditi mjere korekcije tjelesnom okviru i masi životinja.
Utvrđivana je razlika u dimenzijama papaka s obzirom na skupine papaka, ovisno o rendgenološkom nalazu promjena na prstima. Ustanovljene su statistički značajne razlike u svim dimenzijama papaka, s izuzetkom visine pete. Najizraženije statistički značajne razlike među skupinama bez rendgenološki dijagnosticiranih promjena ili s njima nađene su u dijagonali papka.
Rezultati pokazuju kako je nužno prilagoditi mjere prilikom standardne korekcije papaka rasplodnih bikova. Kod rasplodnih bikova simentalske pasmine dužinu papka potrebno je korigirati na dužinu od 9 centimetara. Utvrđena je povezanost rendgenološki vidljivih promjena na prstima s dimenzijama papaka, ovisno o promatranoj mjeri papka.
Abstract (english) Lameness of a different degree is one of the most important reason of production loss in cattle industry. In stud bulls lameness, pain and stress cause decreased fertility, sex drive loss and the decreased quantity and quality of semen. In 90 % of cases lameness is caused by claw diseases of different origin. One of vital procedure for bovine claw health is routine functional claw trimming. In dairy cows the measures for proper functional trimming is well known, but the standard measurements for functional trimming in stud bulls have not been set yet. Claw disorders of various etiology are indication for survey x - ray examination of digital region in two standard imaging positions minimum. Considering different data on claw dimensions in cows it is to be asumed that there are different measurements to be considered in functional claw trimming in stud bulls. Measuring claw dimensions after the functional correction and taking into account a certain control measure it is possible to get an insight into standard recommendation for functional trimming.The aim of this study was to try to establish the standard claw measurements after functional correction by measuring claw length, claw height, heel height, claw diagonal and claw width. To describe radiographically visible changes on stud bulls digits, their origin, frequency and distribution. Then to establish connection between hoof measurements and radiographic findings in the digital region of stud bulls.
The study included 30 adult Simmental stud bulls of 5,73 average age that showed no clinical signs of lameness. After clinical examination of bulls in gait and walking a functional correction of claws on all extremities was made. Claw length, height, diagonal, wight and hell hight were measured on each hoof. Vernier caliper was used with 1 milimeter precision. Diagnostic imaging of digital region in no lame stud bulls was used to determine manifestation, frequency and distribution of accidental pathological alterations of digits. Differences in dimensions have been tested between several separate groups of claws. First group contained hooves without findings of radiographic changes in digital region. Other groups were formed on the basis of etiology of radiographic findings on digits, in which radiographic changes in bone formation, articulation and periost were described.
Testing separate groups showed significant statistic differences have been found in all claw dimensions with exception of heel height. The most significant statistic difference between the fore mentioned groups was mesaured and determined in claw diagonal. Visible radiographic changes were found in 83,33 % of stud bulls. Majority of radiographic findings in digital region represent chronic reactive proliferation on joints, bones and periost.
The results show that dimensions of healthy claws in stud bulls of Simmental breed differentiate from the dimensions described for dairy cows of different breeds. It is necessary to adjust recommendations for measurements in the claw trimming in stud bulls considering stud bulls to be a scepific group in which special emphasis is put on their weight. Claw lenght should be set at 9 centimeter. Findings in the digital area in bulls showing no clinical sipmtoms of lameness correspond to cronic degenerative changes of bones and joints. Radiographic findings on digits of stud bulls with macroscopically healty hooves and their distribution differentiate from the radiographic findings on digits with pathological alterations. There is the different degree of correlation between radiographic findings on the pathologically changes digits with the claw dimensions. Claw dimension that show the biggest correlation with the pathological changed digits is the claw diagonal. In researching claw dimensions and radiographical changes in stud bulls showing no clinical signs of lameness it is imposible to exclude the influence of age and body weight. Future research should be focused on claw diagonal and it's influence on changes in digits and standardisation of claw measurements in different stud bull age groups.
Keywords
papak
rasplodni bikovi
funkcionalna korekcija
mjere papka
rendgenološka dijagnostika
Keywords (english)
claws
stud bulls
functional trimming
hoof measurements
diagnostic imaging
Language croatian URN:NBN urn:nbn:hr:178:912173 Promotion 2021 Study programme Title: doctoral study of surgery, orthopaedics and ophtalmology with radiology and ultrasound diagnostics Type of resource Text File origin Born digital Access conditions Open access Terms of use Created on 2021-10-05 13:02:29
